Measles mumps rubella ayurvedic and modern aspect

Measles mumps rubella ayurvedic and modern aspect

3. INTRODUCTION
•IT IS THE COMMONEST AND MOST
INFECTIOUS OF ALL THE VIRUSES OF
CHILDHOOD.
•IT IS THE FREQUENT CAUSE OF ILL
HEALTH AND MORBIDITY ESPECIALLY
IN THE UNDERNOURISHED INFANTS
AND CHILDREN BELOW THE AGE OF 3
YEARS.

4. EPIDEMIOLOGY
CAUSATIVE AGENT: MEASLES VIRUS OF
PARAMYXOVIRIDAE FAMILY
MODE OF TRANSMISSION: BY DIRECT
SPREAD FROM SECRETION OF NOSE AND
THROAD.
PERIOD OF INFECTIVITY: 4 DAYS PRIOR
TO AND 5 DAYS AFTER THE APPEARANCE
OF RASH.
INCIDENCE:HIGHEST IN WINTER AND
SPRING

5. PATHOLOGY
INFECT BY
INVASION OF
RESPIRATORY
EPITHELIUM
LOCAL
MULTIPLICATIO
N
VIREMIA
SPREAD TO
RETICULO-
ENDOTHELIAL
SYSTEM
SECONDARY
VIREMIA
SYSTEMIC
SYMPTOMS

6. CLINICAL FEATURES
INCUBATION PERIOD: 8-12 DAYS
PRODROMAL PHASE:
•MODERATE RISE IN TEMPERATURE
•COUGH
•RUNNING NOSE
•SNEEZING
•REDNESS OF EYES
•EXCESSIVE LACRIMATION

7. CLINICAL FEATURES
•KOPLIK’S SPOTS

8. CLINICAL FEATURES

ERUPTIVE PHASE:
•FEVER RISE AGAIN
RASH:
1
ST
APPEAR BEHIND EARS, FOREHEAD, FACE,
NECK AND SPREAD TO TRUNK, EXTREMITIES,
PALMS AND SOLES.

9. DIAGNOSIS
•BASED ON CLINICAL
DIAGNOSIS
•SEROLOGICAL TESTS
FOR CONFIRMA -TION
•IgM ANTIBODIES.

10. PREVENTION & TREATMENT
•THERE IS NO SPECIFIC TREATMENT.
•ONLY SYMPTOMATIC AND SUPPORTIVE
TREATMENT IS DONE.
GIVE BATH TO CHILD DAILY
WASH MOUTH AND BRUSH TEETH DAILY
GIVE ADEQUATE FLUID

11. PREVENTION & TREATMENT
PROPHYLAXIS: ONLY RELIABLE
MEANS OF PREVENTING IS
ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINE MMR
1
ST
DOSE AT THE AGE OF 9 -12 MONTHS
2
ND
DOSE AT THE AGE OF 15 -18
MONTHS
0.5 ml SUBCUTANEOUSLY AT RIGHT
UPPER ARM

12. KARNAMOOLA SHOTHA

13. INTRODUCTION
THIS IS AN ACUTE VIRAL INFECTION
ALSO CALLED INFECTIOUS PAROTITIS
IT IS CHARACTERISED BY PAINFUL
SWELLING OF SALIVARY GLANDS
ESPECIALLY THE PAROTID AND
FREQUENTLY BY CNS INVOLVEMENT
THE MAJORITY OF SUFERERS (80%)
BELONG TO PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP
A SINGLE ATTACK LEADS TO LIFE LONG
IMMUNITY

14. EPIDEMIOLOGY
CAUSATIVE ORGANISM: MUMPS VIRUS
INCIDENCE:
•ENDEMIC WORLD OVER.
•MOST CASES OCCUR B/W 5 & 15 YEARS.
•INCIDENCE IS HIGHER IN WINTER &
SPRING

15. EPIDEMIOLOGY
TRANSMISSION:
•DIRECT CONTACT.
•AIRBORNE DROPLETS.
PERIOD OF INFECTIVITY: 7 DAYS PRIOR
TO AND 9 DAYS AFTER THE
APPEARANCE OF SWELLING.
INCUBATION PERIOD: 2 TO 4 WEEKS

16. CLINICAL FEATURES
ONE THIRD PATIENTS ARE
ASYMPTOMATIC
SYMPTOMS START WITH
FEVER
HEADACHE
NAUSEA
MALAISE
LOSS OF APETITE

17. CLINICAL FEATURES
SALIVARY MANIFESTATIONS:
•PAIN NEAR LOBE OF EAR AND DIFFICULTY IN
CHEWING
•PAROTID SWELLING
•ENLARGED PAROTID OBLITERATE MANDIBULAR
ANGLE
•OPENING OF STENSON DUCT APPEAR RED
•SUBMAXILLARY AND SUBLINGUAL GLANDS MAY
ALSO BE ENLARGED.

18. CLINICAL FEATURES
•SALIVARY MANIFESTATIONS

19. CLINICAL FEATURES
EXTRASALIVARY MANIFESTATION:
•ASEPTIC MENINGITIS
•SEVERE HEADACHE
•VOMITING
•NECK STIFFNESS

20. PROGNOSIS
PROGNOSIS IS EXCELLENT
THE DISEASE BEGINS
UNILATERALLY BUT
INVOLVES OTHER SIDE ALSO
WITHIN 48 TO 72 HRS IN 75%
FEVER AND TENDERNESS
SETTLE IN 1-6 DAYS
SWELLING DISAPPEARS IN 6 -
10 DAYS.

21. DIAGNOSIS
BASED ON
CLINICAL
FEATURES
SERUM IgM
ELISA

22. PREVENTION & TREATMENT
SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT IS DONE
PARACETAMOL AND ASPIRIN IS GIVEN
FOR PAIN
WARM SALINE MOUTH WASHES
CHILD SHOULD BE ISOLATED UNTIL
PAROTID SWELLING HAS RESOLVED
PROPHYLAXIS: ADMINISTRATION OF
MMR VACCINE
1
ST
DOSE AT THE AGE OF 9 -12 MONTHS
2
ND
DOSE AT THE AGE OF 15 -18
MONTHS

23. GERMAN MEASLES

24. INTRODUCTION
IT IS A LESS CONTAGIOUS VIRAL
DISEASE CHARACTERISED BY MILD
PRODRONAL SYMPTOMS, A TYPICAL
ERUPTION & ENLARGEMENT OF
CERVICAL LYMPH NODES.

25. INTRODUCTION
MOST PEOPLE WHO HAVE HAD RUBELLA
OR VACCINE ARE PROTECTED AGAINST
THE VIRUS FOR THE REST OF THEIR
LIVES
BECAUSE OF ROUTINE VACCINATION
AGAINST RUBELLA SINCE 1970, RUBELLA
IS NOW RARELY REPORTED

26. EPIDEMIOLOGY
CAUSATIVE ORGANISM: RUBELLA
VIRUS A ss-RNA TOGA VIRUS
MODE OF TRANSMISSION:
•DIRECT CONTACT
•DROPLET METHOD
PERIOD OF INFECTIVITY: 5 DAYS PRIOR
TO AND 4 DAYS AFTER THE
APPEARANCE OF RASH.

27. EPIDEMIOLOGY
INCIDENCE:
•OCCURS WORLDWIDE
•PEAK INCIDENCE IS IN EARLY
WINTER OR LATE SPRING
INCUBATION PERIOD:
14-21 DAYS
AVG. 16 DAYS

28. CLINICAL FEATURES
INCUBATION PERIOD: 14-21 DAYS
AVG. 16 DAYS
PRODROMAL PHASE:
•IT LAST FOR A FEW DAYS
•SLIGHT MALAISE
•TENDER POSTERIOR CERVICAL
LYMPHADENOPATHY.
THIS PHASE MAY BE ENTIRELY
ABSENT OR REMAIN UNNOTICED.

29. CLINICAL FEATURES
RASH
1
ST
VISIBLE SIGN
IT IS MACULE WHICH SPREAD
FROM FACE TO TRUNK &
EXTREMITIES
MACULES LATER BLEND
ERUPTION DISAPPEAR BY 3
RD
DAY

30. CONGENITAL RUBELLA
SYNDROME
•INFANTS BORN TO RUBELLA INFECTED MOTHER, MAY
SUFFER FROM MULTIPLE CONGENITAL DEFECTS WHICH IS
CALLED CRS.
ITS SYMPTOMS ARE:
•GROWTH RETARDATION
•MENTAL RETARDATION
•CHD(PDA)
•DEAFNESS
•RETINAL LESIONS

31. DIAGNOSIS
•VIRAL ISOLATION
•SEROLOGICAL TESTS
NEUTRALISATION
COMPLIMENT FIXATION
HEMAGGLUTINATION INHIBITION
FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY STUDIES

32. PREVENTION & TREATMENT
•NO SPECIFIC TREATMENT
•TREAT COMPLICATIONS
PROPHYLAXIS: ONLY RELIABLE
MEANS OF PREVENTING IS
ADMINISTRATION OF VACCINE MMR
1
ST
DOSE AT THE AGE OF 9 -12 MONTHS
2
ND
DOSE AT THE AGE OF 15 -18
MONTHS
0.5 ml SUBCUTANEOUSLY AT RIGHT
UPPER ARM

34. INTRODUCTION
MEASLES IS GENERALLY CORRELATED
WITH ROMANTIKA.
ACHARYA CHARAKA HAS DESCRIBED IT
IN SHOTHA CHIKITSADHYAY.
ACHARYA MADHAVAKARA CALLED IT A
TYPE OF “MASURIKA” & DESCRIBED IT.
IT IS A KAPHA & PITTA DOSHA
DOMINANT DISEASE.

35. NIDANA
ACCORDING TO ACHARYA SUSHRUTA IT IS AN
UPSARGAJANYA VYADHI, SO ITS CAUSES ARE
SIMILAR TO THAT,,WHICH ARE:
 CONTACT WITH INFECTED PERSON’S BODY
PARTS.
EXPIRATION [NIH: SHWASA]
EATING, SITTING & SLEEPING TOGETHER.
SHARING CLOTHES & OTHER ARTICLES WITH
INFECTED PERSON

36. LAKSHANA
ACCORDING TO CHARAK SAMHITA CHIKITSA
STHANA 12/92 ITS SYMPTOMS ARE
SMALL RED RASHES ALL OVER THE BODY
(PIDAKA)
FEVER (JWARA)
BURNING SENSATION (DAHA)
EXCESSIVE THIRST (TRISHNA)
ITCHING (KANDU)
ANOREXIA (ARUCHI)
COMMON COLD (PRATISHYAY)

37. LAKSHANA
•REDNESS OF EYES (NETRA ROGA)
•DROWSINESS (TANDRA)
•TIREDNESS (KLAMA)
•DEPRESSION (AVSADA)
•DIARRHOEA (ATISARA)
•HEADACHE (SHIRA SHOOLA)
•PHOOPHOBIA (PRAKASHA
ASAHIYATA)
•EXCESSIVE WEAKNESS (DAURBALYA)

38. CHIKITSA
TRIBHUVANA KIRTI RASA:
1/4-1/2 TABLET WITH ADRAKHA RASA AND HONEY
PRAVALA PISHTI:
30-60 mg WITH HONEY
LAKSHMI NARAYANA RASA + GOROCHANA +
PRAVALA PISHTI IN EQUAL PARTS:
30-60 mg WITH HONEY OR PATOLADI KWATHA

39. SUBMITTED BY:
MANDEEP KAUR
ROLL NO 24
GAC Patiala
SUBMITTED TO:
DR.K.K.CHOPRA
DR.SHALINI
DR.ASHWINI RANA