Mechanics of bullet proofing and Engineering fabric structure.pptx

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1. Mechanics of bullet proofing and Engineering fabric structure An Exploration of Materials and Design for Bulletproof Applications Submitted by: Bhagwan Singh (20110017) Divya (20110019) Jitendra Singh (20110031) Manpreet (20110041) Ravi (20110064) Submitted to: Dr Zunjarrao Bapuso Kamble

2. BULLET PROOF TEXTILE It helps to absorb the impact and reduce penetration to the body from fired projectile and save from explosions. In the 1820s softer silk body armors were developed by the Japanese. These armors were effective but more expensive. in the early 1970s, The DuPont's Kevlar ballistic fabric was invented. Its strength is very high.

3. RAW MATERIAL OF BULLETPROOFING TEXTILE Bulletproof clothing is made using Aramid synthetic fibers or filaments that are both lightweight and strong. Aramids are heat resistance and strong synthetic fiber. They are used in aerospace and military applications for body armor bicycle tires Kevlar is the most widely used option, where a solid thread is spun out of a liquid chemical blend. Another option for raw material in bulletproof clothing is Dyneema , which is a made by a gel-spinning process from a polythene base, providing incredible strength and softness to the material. These fibers/filaments are then converted into yarns and sheet materials for usage in final clothing.

4. CHARACTERSTICS OF ARAMID FIBERS High strength Non conductive No melting point Good Resistance to Organic Solvents

5. KEVLAR BALLISTIC FABRIC Developed by Stephanie Kwolek at DuPont in 1965. First commercially used in the early 1970s and Initial application was in racing tires to replace steel. Kevlar is basically a type of plastic with extremely high tensile strength, owing to the tightly bound, parallel molecules, that makes the fabric bulletproof. Kevlar fabric shows the property of absorbing and distributing the energy that comes in contact with it. Thus, Kevlar can effectively catch and prevent the bullet from penetrating through the wearer's body fig: Kevlar fiber structure

6. MANUFACTURING PROCESS The bulletproof panels are made of multiple layers of this ballistic material, and the required thickness is determined based on the level of protection that has to achieve from the garment. Multiple layers of this ballistic fabric are cut and sewn together to provide the required protection to the wearer. These layers of sewn ballistic material are then put into a protective envelope, which is heat sealed to ensure the protection of these layers from humidity and water. The ballistic panels are fitted into carriers, which have pockets to insert the panels. This carrier along with the ballistic panels together constitutes bulletproof clothing

7. Types of Body Armor Body armor is the clothing worn by army and police personnel to protect against gunfire. Modern body armor can be broadly divided into two categories Hard body armor Soft body armor

8. HARD BODY ARMOR Typically made from rigid materials such as ceramic, steel, or composite materials. Generally heavier and bulkier compared to soft body armor. Known for durability and resistance to wear and tear. Offers higher protection levels against rifle rounds compared to soft armor. used in the high-risk environments. Limitations: Limited flexibility compared to soft armor. May not cover the entire body, leaving extremities vulnerable. Can be less comfortable for extended wear.

9. SOFT BODY ARMOR Typically made from flexible and lightweight materials, such as woven or laminated aramid fibers (e.g., Kevlar) or polyethylene. Soft body armor is flexible and contours to the body, allowing for a greater range of motion compared to rigid armor. Often designed to be worn covertly under clothing, providing protection without visibly altering the wearer's appearance. Limitations: While effective against many handgun rounds and some low-velocity rifle rounds, soft body armor may not provide sufficient protection against high-velocity rifle ammunition.

10. WORKING When a bullet strikes body armor, it is caught in a "web" of very strong fibers. These fibers, absorb and disperse the impact energy that is transmitted to the bullet proof vest from the bullet, causing the bullet to deform. Ballistic material Strain wave Ceramic Layer Aramid fiber layer Vertex layer Poly-ethylene layer

11. Properties of Bullet-Proof Fabric Strength to weight ratio is more. Withstands temperatures up to 450°C to as low as -196°C. Self-extinguish able. 5 to 4% elongation. Resistant to almost all types of chemicals. Negative co-efficient of thermal expansion. Abrasion Resistance. Poor Cut and Drill. Poor Compressive Strength. Absorbs Moisture up to 4.3 to 4.5%.

12. Benefits of Bullet proof Fabrics Reduces back and front face trauma Lightweight Puncture resistant Breathable Abrasion resistant Durable

13. Application of bullet-proof Fabric Bulletproof vests and body armor for military and law enforcement personnel. Bulletproof clothing for sports professionals and enthusiasts engaged in high-risk activities like hunting or shooting sports. Fire-resistant and bulletproof clothing for firefighters responding to incidents in volatile environments. Use in border patrol uniforms and equipment for increased protection in border regions.

14. References High-Performance Apparel: Materials, Development, and Applications Edited by: John McLoughlin and Tasneem Sabir Advanced Fibrous Composite Materials for Ballistic Protection Edited by:X . Chen https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletproof_vest https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304506225_Recent_Trends_in_Ballistic_Protection#pfb http://info.veltye.com/blog/soft-vs-hard-body-armor https://www.thomasnet.com/insights/how-textiles-are-used-for-ballistic-materials/ https://www.textilelerner.net

15. STANDARD BY NIJ (NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF JUSTICE)