Media Evolution(traditional to new).pptx

This presentation contains the evolution or changes of media used and developed by man through out the history of media.

1. Lesson 5 Prepared by: Ms. Dhonafel C. Panilag THE EVOLUTION OF TRADITIONAL MEDIA TO NEW MEDIA

2. Explain how the evolution of media from traditional to new media shaped the values and norms of people and society Most Essential Learning Competency Lesson Objectives At the end of this lesson, students are expected to: Examine the technology or resources available during the prehistoric age, the industrial age, the electronic age, and the new or digital age; Identify the devices used by people to communicate with each other, store information, and broadcast information across the different ages. Compare and contrast traditional media and new media ; Editorialize the roles and functions of media in democratic society; and Share realizations and learning on the relevance and importance of each kind of media to daily life through a speech writing and speech presentation

3. Nothing exists in a vacuum. All things on this earth had a process of evolution. Nothing is also created or manufactured at random, for each and every creation was borne out of a need to fill a gap or to improve on an existing condition. Such is the case for Media. The gadget you are holding in your hand might not be there had it not been for the entrepreneurial, artistic, mathematical, or scientific acumen of certain individuals who aimed to serve humanity in their own unique and humble way. Every new thing has a beginning. It is always important to look back at history in order to understand how things work in the present. This is needed in order for us to look at what is yet to come in the future. Who knows, maybe the next inventor of the latest state – of – the – art media gadget could be YOU! Introduction

4. PREHISTORIC AGE INDUSTRIAL AGE ELECTRONIC AGE NEW OR DIGITAL AGE I. The Evolution of Traditional Media to New Media

5. Prehistoric refers to the time before the existence of written or recorded history . This era is divided into two periods: the Stone Age and the Metal Age. They are called as such because of the kind of tools that the prehistoric people used during those times. I. PREHISTORIC AGE

6. As the tools were relatively crude, archaeologists believe that a system of writing had not yet existed during this era. As prehistoric men learned how to sharpen their tools and used them for hunting, they also acquired the knowledge on how to use these materials in carving stones. Eventually, this paved the way for them to create a system of writing, which marked the start of the historic period.

7. Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700s) People discovered fire, developed paper from plants, and forged weapons and tools with stone, bronze, copper and iron. Examples : • Cave paintings (35,000 BC) • Clay tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BC) • Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BC) • Acta Diurna in Rome (130 BC) • Dibao in China (2nd Century) • Codex in the Mayan region (5th Century ) • Printing press using wood blocks (220 AD) 


8. By using sharpened tools made of stones, prehistoric men also learned how to etch on caves. These caves served as their big canvas while the sharpened tools became their pen. Prehistoric men drew on caves what they see around them, such as animals and nature . During the Stone Age, prehistoric people also used these crude stone tools to create objects, which are now considered rock art. Two kinds of rock art during the Stone Age are petroglyphs and pictographs. Prehistoric Art as the Earliest Form of Traditional Media

9. Petroglyphs can be carvings or engravings in rocks or caves while pictographs represent words or phrases through images or symbols. Pictographs used to refer to sketches or paintings that usually depict nature, giving us a glimpse of the early people’s way of life. For example, the images of some wild animals and men carrying hunting tools make an impression that most people during the Stone Age used to be hunters. Moreover, cave paintings that show men on boats or holding jars imply that they also practiced other forms of livelihood aside from hunting.

10. Oral traditions - as the basic ancestor of information and communication flow Writing symbols or drawing crude pictures For example, the Chauvet cave paintings discovered in Southern France show evidence of symbols etched onto the walls, dating back to more than 30, 000 years ago. EXAMPLE FORMS OF MEDIA

11. Tribal cultures like those found in Africa , South America, or Native America used materials they found in nature to record their existence. Barks of trees, bones of animals, or sticks painted on with nature- found substances were used as recording devices of information. Similar materials were found in the Asian regions .

12. Clay and stone tablets could be traced back to ancient Mesopotamia. These were found to have some form of symbolic impressions that make up ancient languages such as the “Code of Hammurabi”. Dating back to 1772 BCE, it contains written laws and codes of the Babylonian king named Hammurabi who ruled during those ancient times. Code of Hammurabi Clay Tablet

13. Papyrus – by ancient Egyptians, eventually led to the advent of paper . Amherst Egyptian Papyrus Ancient Egyptian Papyrus In East Asia, woodblock printing was developed around 200 CE when Chinese and Korean craftspeople “wrote” letters on textile or paper using letters carved onto wood blocks .

14. In the year 1040, the movable type was invented, replacing the system of woodblock in certain areas in the region. Printing Press by Johann Gutenberg

15. Acta Diurna in Rome 130 BC - The history of newspapers goes far back in time. The first proto-newspaper appeared as early as 131B.C. It was an ancient Roman daily gazette called Acta Diurna (Daily Acts sometimes translated as Daily Public Records). Acta Diurna informed citizens of political and social happenings in ancient Rome . Acta Diurna

16. Dibao in China (2 nd Century) – The Chinese “Dibao” is the earliest and oldest newspaper in the world. During West Han time, Han government carried out the “Jun xian zhi ” 郡县 , the eparch and county system which is helpful in concentrating the central power. The country was divided into many eparches and counties but governed by the central government as a whole. Every eparch sets up its office in the capital Chang’an , which has the same function as the provincial office in today Beijing.

17. Codex in Mayan Region (5 th century) - are folding books stemming from the pre- Columbian Maya civilization, written in Maya hieroglyphic script on Mesoamerican paper, made from the inner bark of certain trees, the main being the wild fig tree or Amate ( Ficus Glabrata ), this paper was named by the Mayas Huun , and contained many Glyph and paintings . Codex in Mayan Region (5th century)

18. The Industrial Age began in the 18th century in Great Britain when the country made drastic reforms to improve their economy. People used the power of steam, developed machine tools, established iron production, and the manufacturing of various products (including books through the printing press). Examples:
 • Printing press for mass production (19th century ) • Newspaper- The London Gazette (1640 ) • Typewriter (1800)Telephone (1876) • Motion picture photography/projection (1890) • Commercial motion pictures (1913 ) • Motion picture with sound (1926) • Telegraph • Punch cards II. INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s – 1930s)

19. This happened with the evolutions of factories , assembly line work, and devising mechanisms that would speed up the production of what human beings need .

20. Due to mass-producing printing press, newspapers were soon developed, allowing citizens access to news and information that affected sectors of their lives .

21. Magazines followed suit in 1741 as America also prepared to enshrine their Constitution on paper in 1790. Image recording and the invention of photography also began during this era. It was Frenchman Louis Daguerre who, in 1839, somehow ushered what we now know of photography. With his daguerreotype system of capturing images in flat copper plate sheets, this was the precursor of the Polaroid one- photo-per-shot- system that was popular in the 1970s, or the modern-day instant still photo developing process by Fujifilm’s Instax instant film and camera systems.

22. Other systems of capturing more pictures were developed, but none stood out like George Eastman’s improvement of the rolled and perforated celluloid film to go with his camera. Eastman invented the first easy-to-use handled camera called the Kodak Camera , making photography accessible to the masses in 1888 .

23.   The invention of telegraph in 1844 by Samuel Morse, allowed the rapid transfer of messages via wires and cables, as the sender encoded the information and the receiver decoded it at the other end. From mere decoded messages, the human voice was the next to be delivered through the wires upon the invention of the telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.  

24. The prolific Thomas Edison experimented with recording sound and music with his invention of the phonograph in 1877. But the person who successfully developed a sound and music recording system was Emile Berliner. In 1887, he created the gramophone system which played back music recorded on flat discs or records .

25. Edison also tinkered with another media –- film –- as his invention of the incandescent light bulb was a huge contribution to the film making technology, especially in the playback mechanism on a wider screen. The light bulb was used as a part of the film projector he was using. Previously, Edison invented the kinetoscope single – viewer film system which allowed a person to individually watch short films by peeping through the bulky kinetoscope machinery.

26. From the combined inventions of the telegraph and the telephone, different scientists and engineers tinkered with these technologies as they worked on the precursor of the modern-day radio . Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell experimented with electromagnetic waves (or radio waves) in 1873, while German physicist Heinrich Hertz demonstrated the first transmission of these radio waves in 1887 . Individually, Frenchman Edouard Branly and English physicist Oliver Lodge respectively worked on improving radio wave frequency transmissions of both the transmitter and receiver technologies. All of these innovations were taken up and improved upon in America by Guglielmo Marconi in1894 who was the first person to recognize the commercial viability of the radio system. First used in the maritime industry at the onset of the 1900s until it got heavy communication and information usage during World War I, radio then became part of mainstream society when the use became a commercial one.

27. If radio played a part in World War I, World War II’s beginnings coincided with the first public broadcast of television . American Philo Farnsworth holds the credit of making the first television transmittal of a picture in 1927. In 1930, he received the first patent for the electronic television so in 1934, he made a public demonstration of the early prototype of the television.

28. The word electronic is usually associated with the things that work using electricity. Desktop computers and television sets are examples of electronic devices. However, what does electronic exactly mean ? Electronic refers to an object that has electronic components, such as sensors and microchips , which functions once it is connected to an electrical outlet. The invention of the transistor ushered in the electronic age . People harnessed the power of transistors that led to the transistor radio, electronic circuits, and the early computers. In this age, long distance communication became more efficient. III. ELECTRONIC AGE (1930s – 1980s)

29. The Industrial Age and the Electronic Age are quite similar in the sense that they thrived in the manufacturing industries in a faster and more efficient way with the help of equipment that are operated by machines. However, they can also be different because the equipment in the Electronic Age are more complex as they run on electricity instead of fuel.

30. The electronic Age marked the beginning of modernization since electronic equipment are more functional and reliable. For example, the first train invented during the Industrial Age is a more efficient mode of transportation than a horse – drawn carriage that can carry only a few passengers and take days to travel. However, the vehicles that we have today are even faster as their engines are powered by electricity.

31. Examples:
 • Transistor Radio • Television (1941 ) • Large electronic computers- i.e. EDSAC (1949) and UNIVAC 1 (1951) • Mainframe computers - i.e. IBM 704 (1960 ) • Personal computers - i.e. HewlettPackard 9100A (1968), Apple 1 ( 1976) • OHP, LCD projectors 


32. The development of the fax machine and the cell phone also resulted in a faster way of transmitting messages, causing telegraph to eventually die . SOME FORMS OF MEDIA: Soon, cable and satellite technologies also paved the way for faster transmittal of media content, whether for information or entertainment purposes .

33. With the development of the broadcast industry, particularly the expansion of radio and television’s reach, the term “ mass media” took its full effect as it changed the habits of various cultures especially in the 1950s and 1960s . The development of personal electronic gadgets and recorders paved the way for more access to mass media. Music saw the development of the earlier phonograph discs into vinyl records , then the magnetic tape which produced the open track player and cassette tape , and later on converted to data and stored in compact discs or CDs .

34. Portable gadgets like the Sony Walkman and the Sony Discman revolutionized the way we carried our music with us. As for film, there were also tape formats like the VHS and disc formats like the short-lived laser discs , VCDs , and now DVDs .

35. This is also known as Computer Age, Digital Age, or New Media Age . Digital Age refers to our current age wherein information is still seen as a commodity, yet its mode of recording, storage, delivery, and playback relies heavily on digital technology. Digital technology encompasses the breaking down of information into readable and easily transferable zero-one computer binary, focusing on media gadgets that could encode and decode such a binary. Previous media technologies were updated and improved upon to accommodate this computerized version of information and communication production and dissemination. “ Going digital” now characterizes this New Information Age. IV. NEW OR INFORMATION AGE (1900s-2000s )

36. The Internet paved the way for faster communication and the creation of the social network. People advanced the use of microelectronics with the invention of personal computers, mobile devices, and wearable technology. Moreover, voice, image, sound and data are digitalized. We are now living in the information age.

37. Furthermore, the Information Age is also labeled as the Computer Age or the New Age because it gave birth to new media and digital technology . Although most devices still run on electricity during this time, their multifunctional capabilities make them different from the machines used in the Electronic Age. Therefore , the Information Age has upgraded what it can offer to consumers in terms of gadgets and devices that can make their way of life not only functional and comfortable, but also offer endless possibilities. Wearable Technologies Wearable Technologies

38. • Web browsers: Mosaic (1993), Internet Explorer (1995) • Blogs: Blogspot (1999), LiveJournal (1999), Wordpress (2003 ) • Social networks: Friendster (2002), Multiply (2003), Facebook (2004) • Microblogs: Twitter (2006), Tumblr (2007) • Video: YouTube (2005) • Augmented Reality / Virtual Reality • Video chat: Skype (2003), Google Hangouts (2013) • Search Engines: Google (1996), Yahoo (1995) • Portable computers- laptops (1980), netbooks (2008), tablets (1993) • Smart phones • Wearable technology • Cloud and Big Data


39. GROUP ACTIVITY:

40. Thank you!