medical emergencies in practice- edited 2.pptx

Medical emergencies encountered in practice

1. Management of Medical Emergencies Name Affiliation

2. Common Medical Emergencies

3. Vasodepressor Syncope

4. Position patient supine with feet slightly elevated ABC Administer oxygen (5 to 6 L/min) Monitor vital signs Aromatic ammonia vaporole Syncope Management

5. Supine position with feet slightly elevated

6. Proper positioning Anxiety relief Treatment considerations Prevention Vasovagal Syncope

7. Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (Choking)

8. Rubber dam Oral packing Chair position Dental assistant Suction Magill intubation forceps Ligature (dental floss) Prevention of Aspiration & Swallowing of Objects Instruments & Techniques

9. Lateral decubitus position

10. Magill forceps in use Tongue grasping forceps

11. Inability to speak Inability to breathe Inability to cough Universal sign of choking Panic Complete Airway Obstruction Signs

12. Identify complete obstruction (Are you choking ?) Abdominal thrusts until foreign body is expelled or victim becomes unconscious Airway Obstruction in Adults & Children Management - Conscious

13. Supine position Call for help Head tilt - chin lift Look in mouth Attempt to ventilate (ineffective ?) Abdominal thrusts Repeat until object is expelled / victim becomes unresponsive Airway Obstruction in Adults & Children Management - Loss of Conscious ness

14. Back blows

15. Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuvre)

16. Abdominal thrusts on a dental chair

17. Abdominal thrusts in a pregnant patient

18. Abdominal thrusts on the floor

19. Position 5 back slaps between the shoulder blades 5 chest thrusts Repeat until object is removed or infant becomes unresponsive Airway Obstruction in Infants Management

20. Back blows in an infant

21. Chest thrusts in an infant

22. Acute Asthma

23. Position comfortably (upright) ABC Administer oxygen Administer bronchodilator via inhalation Unresponsive patient-administer epinephrine 1:1000 (0.3-0.5 ml SC) repeat every 20 minutes as needed. Acute Asthma Management

24. Spacer device

25. Hyperventilation

26. Position comfortably (upright) BLS as needed Rebreathing into exhaled air Calm patient Hyperventilation Management

27. Rebreathing exhaled air

28. Hypoglycaemia

29. Recognise Discontinue treatment Position comfortably BLS as needed Oral carbohydrates EMS if no improvement Management of Hypoglycaemia Conscious Patient

30. Recognise Discontinue treatment Position comfortably BLS as needed EMS Carbohydrates (IV 50% dextrose, 1mg Glucagon IV/IM, Transmucosal sugar, Rectal honey/syrup) Management of Hypoglycaemia Unconscious Patient

31. If neither glucagon nor a 50% dextrose solution is available, 0.5 mg of a 1:1000 epinephrine concentration may be administered via the subcutaneous or IM route and repeated every 15 minutes, as needed.

32. Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)

33. F ace A rms S peech T ime FAST Stroke

34. Recognise Discontinue treatment Position comfortably (supine if unconscious) BLS as needed Activate EMS Administer oxygen Management of Stroke

35. Seizures

36. Recognise Discontinue treatment Protect from injury Position supine with feet elevated BLS as needed EMS Administer oxygen Monitor vitals Management of Seizures

37. Diazepam 5 to 20 mg IV Intranasal Lorazepam 2 to 4 mg Intranasal Midazolam 5 mg Management of Status Epilepticus

38. Tonic phase of seizure Clonic phase of seizure

39. Prevention of injury during seizure

40. Anaphylaxis

41. Position supine with feet slightly elevated BLS as needed EMS Epinephrine (IM, IV) Oxygen Histamine blocker, cortocosteroids Management of Anaphylaxis

42. IM 0.3 mg adult, 0.15 mg child, 0.075 mg infant Every 5 to 20 minutes as needed, to a total of 3 doses IV 0.1 mg slowly over 3 to 5 minutes Epinephrine Anaphylaxis

43. Chest Pain

44. Levine Sign

45. Angina Pectoris

46. Position comfortably ABC Nitroglycerin 0.3 to 0.6 mg spray / 0.4 mg tablets (no more than 3 doses in 15 min) Oxygen (5 to 6 L/min) Aspirin if no pain relief EMS Management of Angina Dental Practice

47. Acute Myocardial Infarction

48. Position comfortably ABC EMS Oxygen (5 to 6 L/min) Aspirin (160 -325 mg) Parenteral morphine (10 mg) Nitrous oxide-oxygen (30%-70%) Management of MI Dental Practice

49. Acute Adrenal Insufficiency

50. Position patient supine with feet slightly elevated ABC Administer oxygen Monitor vital signs Hydrocortisone 100 mg IV (dexamethasone 4 mg). Acute Adrenal Insufficiency Management

51. Cardiac Arrest

52. BLS Is the foundation for saving lives after cardiac arrest

53. The best management of a medical emergency is prevention.

54. Management of Medical Emergencies Association of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeons of India ( AOMSI ) Indian Dental Association ( IDA )