Medieval Period.pptx of AMERICAN Literature

Survey of American Literature

1. Middle English Period 1066-1500 AD 1150-1500 AD

2. Language in Transition “Middle Ages” Around the year 1000, Old English pronunciation changed when distinct vowel sounds at the ends of words were being dropped. Middle English differed from Old English in its greater reliance upon fewer plural forms.

3. Language in Transition “Middle Ages” Middle English was a more analytical language. Stressed word order/syntax Incorporated “function” words— verbs

4. Example Old English: “Se cyning gaf þæm cnihte þone sceatt.” Middle English: “The king gave the knight the money.”

5. In Old English, the meaning of the sentence is largely determined by word endings (inflections), not by word order. Old English: “Se cyning gaf þæm cnihte þone sceatt.”

6. In Middle English, the word order (subject-verb-object) becomes more crucial to conveying meaning. The sentence structure is more analytical, relying on the arrangement of words and the use of function words (like "the" and "gave") to clarify the relationships between the elements of the sentence.

7. Middle English: “The king gave the knight the money.” Here, you can see how Middle English focuses on word order and the use of function words (like verbs) to convey meaning, a significant shift from the synthetic structure of Old English.

8. French Invade England October of 1066 Leading Normandy was Duke William or “William the Conqueror” , who defeated and killed the last Anglo-Saxon king. This was the beginning of the Norman Conquest .

9. Norman Conquest The Norman Conquest radically changed: English History English Character English Language

10. William the Conqueror is known for three accomplishments: Creating the Domesday Book which was an inventory of every piece of property in England. Bringing the French language to England Creating a bilingual society Upper-Class: spoke French Lower-Class: spoke English 3. Social System known as Feudalism

11. Feudalism & Knighthood Feudalism Religious concept of hierarchy.

12. 2 Major impacts on England as a result of the Feudal System: Form and Manners Form — better known as knighthood. The institution of knighthood was firmly based on the ideas of loyalty. We will see this clearly in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. He is honor-bound to accept a challenge that he knows could bring death. In Arthurian Legends

13. 2 nd major impact that the feudal system had on England: Manners Code of Chivalry—Courtly Love A system of ideas and behavior codes that governed both knight and gentlewoman.

14. Three aspects that make up the Code of Chivalry Loyalty to Lord Your oath, honor, and respect went directly to your lord. Warfare Rule Idea of Fairness Courtly Love Men--mostly the knights-- idolized women. They would show this by wearing the colors of their lady in battle, to glorify her. This love for a woman was thought to make the knight a better fighter. They were inspired by women.

15. ROMANCE Courtly Love provided ‘built-in’ drama for a poet or storyteller. It brought about the form of literature known as a ROMANCE: a medieval story in verse form in which a brave knight must overcome great danger for the love of a noble lady or higher idea.

16. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Composed around 1370 An unknown author transformed the popular romance into great art. An alliterative romance poem. (Legend) Basic narrative pattern of a romance: Hero 2. Quest—in which the hero undertakes a perilous journey in search of something of great value. 3. Supernatural event

17. English in Medieval Period

18. Pick the words that is in Middle English and translate it to Modern English.

19. Bb

20. Research the poem “AULD LANG SYNE” , translate it in Modern English. Task: