Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque music (3).pptx

Music topic Quarter 1

1. Music of the Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Periods

2. MEDIEVAL PERIOD (700-1400) - also known as the Middle Ages - started with the fall of the Roman Empire - during this time, the Christian Church influenced Europe’s culture and political affairs

3. Monophonic plainchants - the most popular type of music during the Middle Ages - named after Pope Gregory I, who made this the approved music of Catholic Church

4. Characteristics of Gregorian Chants Monophonic Free Meter Modal Usually based on Latin liturgy Use of Neume notation

5. Troubadors a group of musicians who performed secular music around Europe during the latter part of the Medieval Period

6. Troubadour music Usually monophonic Sometimes with improvised accompaniment Tells of chivalry and courtly love Originated in France Written in French language

7. Famous Composer of the Medieval Period Adam de la Halle, France, 1237-1288 - also known as Adam le Bossu (Adam the Hunchback) - one of the oldest secular composers whose literary and musical works include chanson and poetic debates

8. RENAISSANCE PERIOD (1400-1600) Renaissance- comes from the word renaitre which means ‘’rebirth’’ ‘’revival’’ and ‘’rediscovery’’ - this period is a period of ‘’looking back’’ to the Golden Age of Greece and Rome - invention of printing in the 1400s paved way for a wide distribution of Renaissance compositions

9. - this era was known as the ‘’golden age’’ of a capella choral music.

10. Other historical facts during the Renaissance era: Discovery of the actual position of the earth in the solar system by Copernicus Invention of compass Marthin Luther’s Protestant reformation

11. Characteristics of Renaissance Music: Mostly polyphonic Imitation among the voices is common Use of word painting in texts and music Melodic lines move in a flowing manner Melodies are easier to perform because these move along a scale with a few large leaps

12. Vocal Music of the Renaissance Period Mass - a form of sacred musical composition that sets texts of the Eucharistic liturgy into music. Five Main Sections of the Mass: Kyrie ‘’Lord Have Mercy’’ Gloria ‘’Glory to God in the Highest’’ Credo ‘’Apostle’s Creed’’ Sanctus and Benedictus ‘’ Holy, Holy’’ and Blesed is He’’ Agnus Dei ‘’ Lamb of God’’

13. 2. Madrigal - a secular vocal polyphonic music composition which originated from Italy - written and expressed in a poetics text and sung during courtly social gatherings

14. Famous Composers of the Renaissance: Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Rome, (1525-1594) - the greatest master of Roman Catholic Church music during the Renaissance period - committed to sacred music and has a keen interest in satisfying the desires of church leaders in the 16 th century

15. 2. Thomas Morley, England, 1557-1602 - a singer in the local cathedral from his boyhood, and became the master of choristers there in 1538 - the most famous composer of secular music in his time - his works include ‘’ Fire, Fire, My Heart’’, ‘’Sing and Chant’’ and ‘’ Fantasie ’’

16. BAROQUE PERIOD (1685-1750) Baroque - derived from the Portuguese word barroco which means ‘’pearl of irregular shape’’ -arts and musical compositions highlighted grandiose and elaborate ornamentation -new instrumental techniques and changes in musical notation were developed during this time

17. Characteristics of Baroque Music: Melodies sound elaborate and ornamental Melodies are not easy to sing or remember Primary contrapuntal with some homophony Dynamic contrast

18. Musical Genre of Baroque Music: Concerto Concerto Grosso Fugue Oratorio Chorale

19. Famous Composers of the Baroque Period: Johann Sebastian Bach, Germany, 1685-1750 - known for his compositions for organ, orchestra, and oratorio 2. Antonio Vivaldi, Vienna, 1687-1741 -nick-named il Prete Rosso (‘’The Red Priest’’) -recognized as one of the greatest baroque composers

20. -known mainly for composing instrumental concertos, especially for the violin -’’The Four Seasons’’ his most famous piece 3. George Friedrich Handel, Germany,1685-1759 -a son of a pastor -taught himself how to play the harpsichord

21. -known for his operas and oratorios -England’s favourite composer -’’Messiah’’ his most famous creation including its chorus ‘’Hallelujah’’