Medium, technique approach (in visual arts, auditory and combined arts) Group 8
Visual Arts Visual arts are those whose mediums can be seen and occupy space. They are typically divided into two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) arts.
Visual arts medium 2D Arts (Painting, Drawing, Printmaking, Photography): Pigments (oil, acrylic, watercolor), paper, canvas, ink, charcoal, digital screens, printing plates (wood, metal). 3D Arts (Sculpture, Architecture): Stone (marble), metal (bronze, steel), wood, clay, glass, concrete, found objects.
Visual Arts Technique Approach Painting- Impasto : Applying thick layers of paint to create texture. Fresco: Painting on wet plaster. Sfumato : Soft blending of tones, creating a subtle, smoky transition. - Alla Prima (Wet-on-Wet): Applying wet paint over wet paint, often completing a work in one session.
Drawing- Hatching/Cross-Hatching: Using parallel lines or intersecting sets of parallel lines for shading and volume. Stippling/Pointillism: Using dots to create tone, texture, and image. Sculpture- - Carving (Subtractive): Removing material (like stone or wood) to reveal the form. - Modeling (Additive): Building up and shaping a malleable material like clay or wax.
- Casting: Pouring a liquid material (like molten bronze) into a mold. - Assemblage : Creating a 3D work by joining or glueing found objects.
Auditory Arts Auditory arts, primarily Music, use mediums that can be heard and are expressed in time rather than space.
Auditory Arts Medium Sound: The fundamental medium, created by vibrations. Instruments : Tools used to generate specific sounds (e.g., human voice, strings, wind, percussion, synthesizers, digital audio workstations).
Auditory Arts Technique Approach Vocal : Bel Canto: A style of operatic singing emphasizing beauty of tone and technical agility. Vibrato : A rapid, slight variation in pitch used to give a richer, warmer tone. Instrumental : - Pizzicato : A string technique where the performer plucks the strings instead of bowing them.
- Counterpoint : The technique of combining two or more independent melodic lines in a harmonious way. - Orchestration : The technique of scoring music for an orchestra, determining which instruments play which parts. - Sampling : (In digital/electronic music) Reusing a portion of a sound recording in a different recording.
Combined Arts Combined arts integrate both visual and auditory elements, existing in both space and time, offering a complete sensory experience. Examples include Theater, Dance, Film, Video Art, and Installation Art.
Combined Arts Medium The medium is a synthesis of visual and auditory materials: Film/Video: Light, moving image, recorded sound, time. Theater: Human body (actors), spoken word, set design (visual), light, live sound, music. Performance/Installation Art: Space, physical objects, light, sound, audience interaction, time.
Combined Arts Technique Approach The techniques involve coordinating multiple artistic disciplines: Filmmaking: Montage: The technique of assembling separate shots to create an emotional or intellectual effect. Sound Design: Layering and mixing dialogue, music, and sound effects to create an auditory landscape. Theater/Dance: Choreography: The technique of designing and arranging sequences of movement.
Mise-en-scène : The arrangement of everything that appears on the stage or in the frame (set, props, actors, lighting). Installation Art: Site-Specificity : Creating a work designed for, and existing only in, a particular location. Interactive Design: Employing sensors or digital elements to allow the audience’s actions to influence the artwork’s visual or auditory output.