Meeting1_2 Intro_ResearchReport_SLR.pptx

research

1. Introduction to Research Report & Systematic Literature Review Writing for Research Report

2. Learning Outcomes By the end of this session, students will be able to: Define what a research report is. Explain the role of literature review in academic writing. Differentiate between traditional review and systematic review. Recognize the importance of SLR in education research.

3. What is a Research Report? A structured academic paper presenting the results of a study (Swales & Feak, 2012). Typically follows the IMRaD structure: • Introduction • Method • Results • Discussion

4. Literature Review in Research Shows what has already been studied (Hart, 2018). Identifies gaps in knowledge. Provides theoretical and empirical foundation for new studies.

5. Traditional vs Systematic Review Traditional Review: Narrative, subjective (Booth et al., 2016) May overlook relevant studies Difficult to replicate Systematic Literature Review (SLR): Structured, transparent, replicable (Grant & Booth, 2009) Comprehensive and inclusive Can be replicated by other researchers

6. SALSA Framework SALSA: Searching – Appraisal – Synthesis – Analysis Provides structured steps for SLR (Grant & Booth, 2009). Ensures transparency and replicability.

7. Khan’s Five-Step Model Steps to conducting an SLR (Khan et al., 2003): 1. Frame the question 2. Identify relevant publications 3. Assess the quality 4. Summarize the evidence 5. Interpret the findings

8. Why SLR is Important Builds a comprehensive understanding of the field (Snyder, 2019). Identifies trends and gaps for future research. Provides evidence-based recommendations for practice.

9. Example RQs for SLR What teaching strategies have been reported for English vocabulary learning in primary schools? What are the main challenges in teaching English to young learners in Indonesia?

10. References Booth, A., Sutton, A., & Papaioannou , D. (2016). Systematic approaches to a successful literature review (2nd ed.). Sage. Grant, M. J., & Booth, A. (2009). A typology of reviews. Health Information & Libraries Journal, 26(2), 91–108. Hart, C. (2018). Doing a literature review (2nd ed.). Sage. Khan, K. S., Kunz, R., Kleijnen , J., & Antes, G. (2003). Five steps to conducting a systematic review. JRSM, 96(3), 118–121. Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. Swales, J. M., & Feak, C. B. (2012). Academic writing for graduate students (3rd ed.). University of Michigan Press.

11. Academic Writing Skills: Summary, Paraphrase, and Quoting By the end of this session, students will be able to: Define summary, paraphrase, and quoting. Differentiate when to use each technique. Apply APA in-text citation correctly.

12. What is Summarizing? Restating the main idea(s) in your own words. Shorter than the original text (Swales & Feak, 2012). Focuses only on key points. Example: Original: “Motivation influences success in language learning.” (Brown, 2007, p. 45) ➝ Summary : Motivation is essential in learning language (Brown, 2007).

13. Bad vs Good Summary Original Text (Cameron, 2001, p. 32): “Young learners are more motivated to learn a second language when activities are enjoyable and connected to their daily experiences.” ❌ Bad Summary: Young learners are motivated when learning a second language. 👉 Too general, misses details. ✅ Good Summary: Enjoyable, relevant activities increase children’s motivation in learning a new language (Cameron, 2001).

14. What is Paraphrasing? Rewriting a passage using different words & structure (Hart, 2018). About the same length as the original. Must include citation. Example: ➝ Brown (2007) emphasizes that success in language learning depends largely on motivation.

15. Bad vs Good Paraphrase Original Text (Cameron, 2001, p. 32) “ Young learners are more motivated to learn a second language when activities are enjoyable and connected to their daily experiences.” ❌ Bad Paraphrase: Young learners are more motivated if activities are fun and related to their daily experiences (Cameron, 2001). 👉 Only minor word changes, same structure. ✅ Good Paraphrase: Cameron (2001) points out that children’s motivation in second language learning grows when teachers design engaging tasks linked to their daily life.

16. What is Quoting? Quoting is the practice of reproducing the exact words from a source, using quotation marks (short quote ≤40 words) or block format (≥40 words), with proper citation (APA, 2020; Swales & Feak, 2012). Copying the author’s exact words. Short quote ≤ 40 words → use quotation marks. Long quote > 40 words → use block format (APA 7th). Example: ➝ Brown (2007) stated, “Motivation is the key to successful language learning” (p. 45).

17. Bad vs Good Quote Original Text (Cameron, 2001, p. 32) “ Young learners are more motivated to learn a second language when activities are enjoyable and connected to their daily experiences.” ❌ Bad Quote: Cameron said that young learners are motivated when activities are enjoyable and connected to daily life. 👉 No quotation marks, missing page number. ✅ Good Quote: According to Cameron (2001), “Young learners are more motivated to learn a second language when activities are enjoyable and connected to their daily experiences” (p. 32).

18. When to Use Them Summary → to give an overview. Paraphrase → to integrate sources smoothly. Quote → when wording is powerful or precise.

19. References American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (7th ed.). APA. Brown, H. D. (2007). Principles of language learning and teaching (5th ed.). Pearson. Cameron, L. (2001). Teaching languages to young learners . Cambridge University Press. Hart, C. (2018). Doing a literature review (2nd ed.). Sage. Swales, J. M., & Feak, C. B. (2012). Academic writing for graduate students (3rd ed.). University of Michigan Press.