Metals. Chemistry

Presentation for chemistry course on the topic of metals, a brief overview.

1. Metals Structure and bonding

2. Table of contents Metals Metallic bonding & Metal’s structure Giant Metallic Lattice Properties Place in periodic table

3. Metals - -is a solid material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically hard, opaque, shiny, and features good electrical and thermal conductivity.

4. Metallic bonding & Metal’s stricture Metallic bonding is occurs in Metals. It is the electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalized electrons. A giant metallic lattice is a three-dimensional structure of positive ions and delocalized electrons, bonded together by strong metallic bonds.

5. Giant Metallic Lattice A giant metallic lattice is often referred to as a lattice of positive ions fixed in position and surrounded by a sea of electrons. The electrons are delocalized and can move.

6. Properties There are three main properties of giant metallic lattice structure: High melting point and boiling point Good electrical conductivity Malleability and ductility

7. High melting point and boiling point Most metals have high malting and boiling point.(except Mercury(Hg), its melting point is -38.83 ° C ) The electrons are free to move throughout the structure, but the positive ions remain where they are. The attraction between the positive ions and negative delocalized electrons is strong. High temperature are needed to break the metallic bonds are dislodge the ions from their rigid positions within the lattice. Metals can have 600-1600 ° C melting point.

8. Good electrical conductivity Metals are good conductors of electricity. The delocalized electrons can move freely anywhere within the metallic lattice. This allows the metal to conduct electricity, even in the solid state.

9. Malleability and ductility Metals are ductile and malleable. Ductile means: can be drawn out or stretched. Ductility permits metals to be drawn into wires. Copper Wire

10. Malleability and ductility Malleable means: can be hammered into shape. Many metals can be pressed into shapes or hammered out into thin sheets.

11. Malleability and ductility The delocalized electrons are largely responsible for this properties. Because they can move, the metallic structure has a degree of give, which allows atoms or layers to slide past each other.

12. Place in periodic table

13. Place in periodic table Each vertical columns in periodical table is called a group, and contains element with similar properties. So almost all metals are in 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd groups. Each horizontal row is called a period. Across each period, elements change from metal to non-metal. As you move down the Periodic Table, this change takes place further to the right. So, trends in properties can exist vertically down a group as well as horizontally across a period.