Microbial biotransformation.pptx

Microbial biotransformation b pharm

1. Presented by Miss Rina Pandurang Patil SEMINAR ON, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Shirpur 425405 Introduction to microbial biotransformation and applications

2. Contents Introduction Defination History Advantages Methods use in biotransformation Phase-I Phase-II Requirements Procedure of biotransformation Microbial bioconversion and applications Oxidation Halogenation

3. Introduction Microbial enzymes are highly versatile in nature. microorganism are more adoptogenic and they can develop new enzymes for metabolism. microbial bioconversion are routinely used in the comersial production of steroids, antibotics, prostaglandins, citric acid , vitamins and many other therapeutic molecules. Steroids can be produced by chemical synthesis or by microbiological transformations. Steroids are pysiological active compound which includes progesteron, testosterone, cholesterol, ergosterone, corticosterone etc. Stroidal hormones are known to be regulators of metabolism in the animal and human body. like Predinesone and predinisolone are effetive in the tretement of rheumatoid arthritis . Defination Microbial transformation is a biological process in which organic compound are modified into reversible product. this transformation reactions are catalysed by purified enzyme present in microbial cells or pure cluture of microorganism.

4. History Mamoli and vercellone 1937 made the first successful microbial transformation of steroids. Peterson and murray 1952 reported the 11-hydroxylation of progesterone using fungi Rhizopus arrhizus. Steroidal transformation are mainly affected by bacteria, actinomycetes and fung.

5. Advantages The Microbial transformation reacts specifically. side reaction do not occur if one enzyme is involved in a biotransformation. Biotransformation reactions can reduced the multistep chemical reaction to a single step. Microbial bioconversion reactions can be carried out mild conditions such as neutral pH, room temp. and at normal pressure. As compared to chemical reactions, microbial transformations require less chemicals, labour , time and money, and release good yeild.

6. Phase-I Growth phase Phase-II Transformation phase Methods use in biotransformation Bacterial Nutritionally Aeration & Incubator Culture rich nedium Agitation Product At the end of GP Steroid

7. Growth phase cycle

8. Requirements for biotransformation Microorganism - Bacteria,fungi Medium- Nutrients rich medium includes carbon source, glucose or molases Solvents- Methylene chloride,chloroform,methyl isobutylketone and ethyl acetate etc. Stainless steel tank - Aeration & agitation Instruments- For analysis of extracted samples TLC , structure of new product elucidated by IR, NMR, Mass elemenal analysis. Microbial biotransformation carried out in 24 to 48 hr .

9. Procedure for biotransformation Submerged aeration technique Stainless steel tank Medium selection depends on MO Carbon source After transformation microbial growth Product obtaind from cell / substrate should be extracted seperately separated from fermentation liquor & Extracted with different solvent Extracted samples analysed by TLC, Paper chromatography, Gas chromatography, or HPLC etc . Structure elucidation by IR , NMR Mass & Elemental analysis

10. Microbial bioconversion and applications Oxidation Halogenation Oxidation- Hydroxylation Epoxidation Microbial hydroxylation is the involvement of the direct replacement of hydrogen atom on a given carbon. microbial hydroxylation of steroid at C-11 helps to meet the increased demand for cortisone and hydrocortisone. 11α- hydroxylation , 11β-hydroxylation, 16α- hydroxylation and 21-hydroxylation of steroid are important industrial reactions. Rhizopus arrhizus Rhizopus nigricans Aspergillus species Mucorales Dactylium dendroide s Progesterone 6β, 11α-Dihydroxyprogesterone 11α , 17α-Dihydroxyprogesterone

11. Oxidation- Epoxidation Curvalaria lunata Cunninghamella blackesleena △ 9(11) Dehydro -compound-‘S’ 9β,11β-epoxido-compound-’S’

12. Halogenation- Caldariomyces species KBr, H 2 O 2 △ 9(11) Progesterone 9α- bromo-11β-hydroxy progesterone

13. Thank You