Microscopic structure of kidney

First let me thank you for being here.
This is my first slideshow on Slide Share but i hope you like it anyway.
Constructive criticism is always welcomed !

Have a good day. <)

1. Microscopic Structure of KIDNEY Mentor Dr Ruku Pandit Dept. Of Anatomy,CMS -TH Prepared By Kamal Bhandari

2. KIDNEYS What are they?

3. Pair of essential excretory organ Size 3 X 6 X 12cm Weight 130 gm Shape Bean Shaped Location Posterior abdominal wall Retroperitonially

4. Macroscopic Structure

5. Microscopic Structure

6. The kidney is composed of numerous closely packed , tortuous Uriniferous Tubules . These are held together by connective tissue stroma .

7. Renal Corpuscle Glomerulus + Bowman’s capsule = Renal corpuscle

8. Glomerulus A collection of dilated capillaries with fenestrated endothelium.

9. Bowman Capsule Double-walled epithelial capsule (visceral and parietal) that wraps around the glomerular capillaries. The visceral layer The specialized outer lining composed of podocytes and their interdigitating foot processes. The parietal layer The outer covering of the renal corpuscle and is lined by a simple squamous epithelium. The urinary space is found between the visceral and parietal layers .

10. Proximal Convoluted Tubule The lumen is lined with simple cuboidal epithelium containing a microvillous brush border Reabsorbs all of the glucose and amino acids and most of the Na+, H2O.

11. Loop of Henle Descending Limb Thin (Simple squamous epithelium) Impermeable to Na+ Allows passive resorption of H2O Hair Pin Loop Simple squamous epithelium Ascending Limb Thin Ascending Limb (Simple squamous epithelium) Thick Ascending Limb (Simple cuboidal epithelium) Impermeable to H2O but actively pumps out Na+

12. Distal Convoluted Tubule Lined with simple cuboidal epithelium However, it does not have a brush border, distinguishing it from the PCT. Is considered a “diluting segment” because like the thick ascending limb, the DCT is impermeable to H2O but actively reabsorbs Na+.

13. Collecting Tubules and Ducts of Bellini Collecting Tubules and Duct of Bellini are lined by Simple Cuboidal and Simple Columnar cells resp. Here Na+ is reabsorbed in exchange for K+ and H+ under the influence of aldosterone. H2O is reabsorbed under the influence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

14. Kidney Low Power – HE stain

15. Glomerulus DCT PCT Collecting tubules Blood vessels HIGH POWER- CORTEX OF KIDNEY

16. Asc limb of LOH Des limb of LOH Hair pin of LOH Papillary duct Capillaries HIGH POWER- MEDULLA OF KIDNEY

17. Juxtaglomerular Apparatus Macula Densa Juxtaglomerular Cells Lacis Cells

18. Macula Densa A specialized group of epithelial cells in DCT that come in close contact with the afferent and efferent arterioles. The cells of the macula densa are sensitive to sodium concentration

19. Juxtaglomerular Cells Juxtaglomerular (JG) cells are specialized myoepithelial (smooth muscle) cells located in the afferent arterioles. JG cells act as baroreceptors (they sense intrarenal arteriole pressure)

20. Lacis Cell Extraglomerular Mesangial Cells These are polyhedral cluster of cells between vascular pole of nephron and DCT . Have following functions (1) Contract to regulate GFR (2) Produce erythropoietin

21. References Essentials of Human anatomy , A.K. Datta BD Chaurasia’s Human Anatomy First Aid for Basic Science

22. Thank You