MIES

Management Information Evaluation System

1. MA N A GEMENT IN F ORM A TION AND EVALUATION SYSTEM (MIES ) By : SAYANTANI MONDAL 2 nd Year M.Sc. Nursing College of Nursing Institute of Psychiatry-COE

2. INFORMATION Information is data that have been put into a meaningful and useful context and communicated to a recipient who uses it to make decisions.

3. SYSTEM A system is defined as a set of related components, activities, individuals interacting together to provide processed data to the individual managers at various levels in different functional areas.

4. INFORMATION SYSTEM Information system is a set of related processes, activities, individuals interacting together to provide processed data to the individual manager at various levels in different functional areas.

5. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM An array of components designed to transform a collective set of data into knowledge that is directly useful and applicable in the process of directing and controlling resources and their application to the achievement of specific management objectives. [Hanson 1982]

6. EVALUATION SYSTEM A periodic evaluation of system to assess its status in term of original and current expectation and to chart its future direction .

7. HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM Health information is any quantifiable and non- quantifiable information that can be used by health decision-makers and clinicians to better understand disease processes and health care issues, and to prevent, diagnose or treat health problems. [ WHO]

8. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

9. OBJECTIVES OF MIS To enhance communication among employs. To provide a system for recording and aggregating information. Reduce expenses related to labor-intensive manual activities. To support the organization’s strategic goals and direction .

10. IMPORTANCE OF MIS Planning systematically and coordinating activities . Establishing databases on budgets, personel , facilities and equipment. Providing guidance in choosing entry points for program interventions and establishing active partnerships with other organizations .

11. Providing information on the status of the population served, such as its health status (i.e. defines surveillance levels). Guiding prioritizing by identifying major problems. Providing indicators for monitoring and evaluation of performance.

12. Assessing the impact or effectiveness of services. Guiding the forecasting of Commodity or service needs. Methods for improvement

13. CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS There are various types of management information systems . Mason and Swanson (1981) describe four categories of management information systems based on the level of support that the information system provides in the process of decision making : D atabank information system P redictive information system D ecision-making information system D ecision-taking information system

14. 1. DATABANK INFORMATION SYSTEM The responsibility of this information system is to observe, classify, and store any item of data which might be potentially useful to the decision maker.

15. 2. PREDICTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM This system moves beyond pure data collection and the determination of trends over time. Predictive information systems provide for the drawing of inferences and predictions that are relevant to decision making.

16. 3. DECISION-MAKING INFORMATION SYSTEM This system goes one step further in the process of decision making and incorporates the value system of the organization or its criteria for choosing among alternatives.

17. 4. DECISION-TAKING INFORMATION SYSTEM This is a decision system in which the information system and the decision maker are one and the same. Management is so confident in the assumptions incorporated in the system that it basically delegates its power to initiate action to the system itself. The choice of an appropriate management information system (MIS) category primarily depends on the nature of the decisions it supports.

18. The risk of systems failure is localized The major problem can be easily identified and corrected before further implementation. It supports and enhances the overall decision making process. MIS enhances job performance throughout an institution ADVANTAGES OF MIS

19. It provides the means through which the institutions activities are monitored and information is distributed to management, employees and customers. It measures performance, manage resources It can also be used by management to provide feedback on the effectiveness of risk controls.

20. LIMITATIONS Technology also increases the potential for inaccurate reporting and flawed decision making . Because data can be extracted from many financial and transaction systems, appropriate control procedures must be set up to ensure that information is correct and relevant.

21. HEALTH CARE INFORMATION SYSTEM

22. Like other organizations, health care depends on information. The main healthcare information system for clinical information management has been paper record i.e. the traditional method of documenting and keeping clinical records. But with the increase need for data, strategic plan required to be reframed. To meet the informational and practice needs effectively requires electronic multi-application systems that can share data and networked to support communication of the information within and outside health institutes.

23. TYPES OF HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM The following are the most common information systems available : Admission, Discharge and Transfer (ADT) Accounting or Financial System Order Entry Ancillary Systems Clinical Documentation System Scheduling Acuity Specialty Systems Communication Systems

24. 1. Admission , Discharge and Transfer (ADT ) This type of information system is the backbone of the clinical as well hospital system. It includes patient's details such as demographic information, registration number, and so on. All the data of the patients is linked to this basic information. Laboratory results find their way to the appropriate provider or care area based on information contained in this hospital information system.

25. 2. Accounting or Financial System This is another type of application under HIS. This system tracks the financial interactions and provides the fiscal reporting to manage the finance of the institution.

26. 3. Order Entry This is clinical oriented system that clinicians place an order by simply selecting a patient from computer. The order is immediately transmitted to the appropriate department.

27. 4. Ancillary Systems This system is for the application of other therapies: physical, radiology, laboratory that shares the information with other systems.

28. 5. Clinical Documentation System This is the part of clinical workflow and provides communication of real time information. Nursing information system uses the nursing process approach with nursing diagnoses. The clinical documentation system should provide for retrieval of data for use in research and long range planning.

29. 6. Scheduling This is another important system. This is applicable for scheduling the patients, staff, or services. Staff scheduling can share information with hospital personnel and the fiscal system.

30. 7. Acuity This provides the classification of patients as per their severity of illness and to predict the number of staff required and other resources. This system can be integrated with other systems such as ADT, staffing etc.

31. 8. Specialty Systems This is related to the automatic physiological monitoring activities. These monitors are capable of continuously collecting patient's data, setting off alarms, generating decisions etc with an electronic information system.

32. 9. Communication Systems These system, e.g. e-mail, internet facilitates information flow are the means of communication.

33. NURSING INFORMATION SYSTEM

34. NURSING MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM ( NIMS) Nursing information systems (NIS) are computer systems that manage clinical data from a variety of healthcare environments, and made available in a timely and orderly fashion to aid nurses in improving patient care.

35. USES To assess patient acuity and condition. To prepare a plan of care. To specify interventions. To document care. To track outcomes. To control quality in patient care. To patient care processes, communication, research, education and ward management.

36. BENEFITS OF NURSING INFORMATION SYSTEM More time can be spent with patient and less time at nurse station Reduce paperwork/paper loss These are automated tools of nursing documentation To aid programing uniform standards of nursing care It reduces the cost The data can be used to measure quality of nursing care.

37. APPLICATIONS OF NMIS RESEARCH MANAGERIAL APPLICATION NURSING PRACTICE

38. Statistical projections of future nursing workload Summarizing and analysis of patient classification data Projections of personnel requirements Scheduling needs Use of nursing resources Budgetary planning and monitoring Payroll record Analysing of quality assurance information MANAGERIAL APPLICATION

39. NURSING PRACTICE APPLICATIONS To facilitate collection, transmission, analysis and reporting of patient related, employees related and process related information among nurse managers and care givers. To monitor of clients by using bedside measurement of heart rate, blood pressure, blood gases, computer controlled fluid, nutrients automated nursing audit. For maintaining records of patients and other nursing records. Facilitate nursing process.

40. NURSING RESEARCH APPLICATIONS The data can be used for research and having evidences and further synthesizes to build knowledge.

41. EVALUATION SYSTEM

42. Every organization needs to evaluate its performance and the impact of its efforts. In many instances, organizations have multiple programs and will need to evaluate each one from two perspectives: how whether it has achieved its specific objectives.

43. Organizations should develop and implement a comprehensive evaluation plan that outlines the time-frames and resources needed for mid-term and final evaluations of each major program.

44. MAJOR KIND OF EVALUATION Process Evaluation Output Evaluation Effects Evaluation Short-term Impact Evaluation

45. PROCESS EVALUATION Continuous monitoring and supervision are part of process evaluation, which examines how well program activities are being implemented . Specifically , process evaluations focus on the development and strengthening of existing systems, protocols, and guidelines necessary to support, standardize, and institutionalize service activities. These activities support planning, implementation, and supervision to assess progress against project goals and objectives.

46. Process evaluation should also review what is working and what is not in order to enable staff and managers to develop corrective actions; determine whether resources, equipment, supplies and staff skills are adequate and used efficiently and effectively; identify barriers to program

47. OUTPUT EVALUATION The output evaluation assesses achievements on-site by viewing defined, quantifiable indicators of program performance such as access, quality and acceptability, number of persons trained and use of services by the target populations. Output indicators are usually quantitative.

48. EFFECTS EVALUATION Effects measurement focuses on changes observed within the target population in the catchment area, for example: observed changes in reproductive health attitudes, changes in staff and skills, and changes in provider attitudes toward providing and managing services.

49. SHORT-TERM IMPACT EVALUATION The findings from the original baseline survey should be used to derive the indicators for the short-term impact evaluation. This evaluation is conducted at a specified, predetermined time following the introduction of a new program . Relevant data from reports , service statistics, and training information systems contribute to the analysis of short-term impact.

50. An MIES helps a manager to collect and use information to make management decisions in a timely manner. Managers also use MIS data to analyse, plan, make decisions, take actions and evaluate. An effective MIES provides accurate, complete , and timely information. MIES formats should include feedback mechanisms so that decisions made at all levels within the organization. CONCLUSION