Migration, navigation, and Orientation in Birds.pptx

gulafshadarzi 24 views 15 slides Sep 17, 2025
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About This Presentation

Migration navigation and Orientation in Birds, introduction, types, rules, adaptation


Slide Content

Migration, Navigation, and Orientation in Birds A Presentation on Bird Migration Mechanisms

Name : Gu lafsha Class:M.Sc . Zoology Subject: Animal Behaviour R.G(PG) college Meerut

Introduction Bird migration is a regular seasonal movement between breeding and wintering grounds.

Why Do Birds Migrate? - Food availability - Climate conditions - Breeding and nesting requirements

Types of Bird Migration - Latitudinal Migration - Longitudinal Migration - Altitudinal Migration - Partial Migration - Nomadic Migration

Navigation Mechanisms - Sun Compass - Star Compass - Earth's Magnetic Field - Visual Landmarks - Olfactory Cues

Orientation Strategies - Innate Genetic Programming - Learning from Experience - Use of Environmental Cues

Role of Earth's Magnetic Field Birds have magnetoreception, allowing them to detect Earth's magnetic field and navigate accurately.

Migration Routes of Birds - Flyways: major bird migration routes - Examples: Pacific Flyway, Atlantic Flyway, East Asia-Australasia Flyway

Challenges in Migration - Habitat loss - Climate change - Predators - Exhaustion an d starvation

Adaptations for Migration - Increased fat storage - Efficient wing shape - Ability to fly long distances without resting

Case Study: Arctic Tern Arctic Tern has the longest migration route, traveling from the Arctic to Antarctica and back (~70,000 km annually).

Conclusion Bird migration is a remarkable natural phenomenon guided by navigation and orientation mechanisms.

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