Milling machine

milling machine parts,function and uses

1. THE MILLING MACHINE PREPARED BY: JUNY PATIEREZ

2. MILLING is the process of machining flat, curved, or irregular surfaces by feeding the workpiece against a rotating cutter containing a number of cutting edges. The milling machine consists basically of a motor driven spindle, which mounts and revolves the milling cutter, and a reciprocating adjustable worktable, which mounts and feeds the workpiece .

3. Milling machine may be define as the type of machine in which the metal is removed by causing the job to be fed against a revolving cutting tool called the milling cutter. Milling Cutters

4. MILLING MACHINE PARTS

5. BASE The base serves as the foundation of all other parts of the milling machine. It is the platform that sits on the ground to support the machine’s weight . 2. COLUMN The column is a box shape frame that is mounted vertically to support the machine. It is connected directly to the base. It serves as the housing of all the driving mechanisms of the table feed and the spindle. PRINCIPAL PARTS AND FUNCTIONS

6. 3. SADDLE The saddle is a flat surface that supports the table in a longitudinal motion. It caters to the horizontal motion in the Y-direction of the work piece . 4. KNEE The knee is the part of the milling machine that supports the table and saddle. It caters to the vertical motion in the Z-direction of the work piece. The knee serves as the housing of the table feed mechanism and controls. . PRINCIPAL PARTS AND FUNCTIONS

7. 5. Table The table is located horizontally on top of the saddle. It has T-slots for clamping the material to be used, such as steel and aluminum. The longitudinal motion of the table is limited to avoid or lessen mistakes with the work piece. However, universal machine tables can move both vertically and horizontally. 6. SPINDLE The spindle is located on the upper part of the column. The accuracy of machining depends on the rigidity, strength and accuracy of the spindle. The power transmits to the spindle through clutches, gears and belts. PRINCIPAL PARTS AND FUNCTIONS

8. 7. ARBOUR The arbour is the spindle’s extension that secures rotating and mounting. It is made with taper shanks with 7:24 value to ensure proper alignment. It is placed parallel to the spindle. 8. OVER HANGING ARM The over-hanging arm is located on top of the column. It serves as the support to the cutter and the arbour . PRINCIPAL PARTS AND FUNCTIONS

9. TYPES MILLING MACHINE BED TYPE MILLING MACHINE This type of milling machine has vertical adjustment in the spindle. Simplex milling machine Duplex milling machine Triplex milling machine 2. COLUMN AND KNEE TYPE MILLING MACHINE This type of milling machine has vertical adjustment of the worktable. Hand milling machine Plain milling machine Universal milling machine Omuniversal milling machine Vertical milling machine

10. COMMON USED MILLING MACHINES KNEE-TYPE: Knee-type mills are characterized by a vertically adjustable worktable resting on a saddle which is supported by a knee. The knee is a massive casting that rides vertically on the milling machine column and can be clamped rigidly to the column in a position where the milling head and milling machine spindle are properly adjusted vertically for operation . UNIVERSAL HORIZONTAL MILLING MACHINE The basic difference between a universal horizontal milling machine and a plain horizontal milling machine is the addition of a table swivel housing between the table and the saddle of the universal machine. This permits the table to swing up to 45° in either direction for angular and helical milling operations. The universal machine can be fitted with various attachments such as the indexing fixture, rotary table, slotting and rack cutting attachments, and various special fixtures.

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12. RAM-TYPE MILLING MACHINE The ram-type milling machine is characterized by a spindle mounted to a movable housing on the column to permit positioning the milling cutter forward or rearward in a horizontal plane. Two popular ram-type milling machines are the universal milling machine and the swivel cutter head ram-type milling machine . UNIVERSAL RAM-TYPE MILLING MACHINE The universal ram-type milling machine is similar to the universal horizontal milling machine, the difference being, as its name implies, the spindle is mounted on a ram or movable housing . SWIVEL CUTTER HEAD RAM-TYPE MILLING MACHINE The cutter head containing the milling machine spindle is attached to the ram. The cutter head can be swiveled from a vertical spindle position to a horizontal spindle position or can be fixed at any desired angular position between vertical and horizontal. The saddle and knee are hand driven for vertical and cross feed adjustment while the worktable can be either hand or power driven at the operator's choice .

13. GENERAL MILLING OPERATIONS Setup Before setting up a job, be sure that the workpiece , table, the taper in the spindle, and the arbor or cutter shank are free from chips, nicks, or burrs. Do not select a milling cutter of larger diameter than is necessary. Check the machine to see if it is in good running order and properly lubricated, and that it moves freely, but not too freely in all directions. Consider direction of rotation. Many cutters can be reversed on the arbor, so be sure you know whether the spindle is to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.

14. Feed the workpiece in a direction opposite the rotation of the milling cutter (conventional milling ). Do not change feeds or speeds while the milling machine is in operation . When using clamps to secure a workpiece , be sure that they are tight and that the piece is held so it will not spring or vibrate under cut. Use a recommended cutting oil liberally. Use good judgment and common sense in planning every job, and profit from previous mistakes. Set up every job as close to the milling machine spindle as circumstances will permit.