MINE DEVELOPMENT AND EXCAVATION EQUIPMENTS.pptx

Typical machine use during the development of excavation.

1. MINE DEVELOPMENT AND EXCAVATION EQUIPMENTS PREPARED BY :SUNIL PUDASAINI Tribhuvan university

2. Contents Introduction 2. Mine Development Equipment’s a) Different types of machines b) Functions and working principle 3. Mine excavation Equipment’s a) Different types of Machines b ) Functions and working principles

3. Introduction Mine development: Mine development is the process is between land acquisition to just before of extract the mine. In the mine development stage we need follow certain sequences Land acquisition Environmental protection Financing and taxination Mining method Development equipment

4. Mine development equipment Mine development equipment is using during development stage which helps to make ground clearance , to build mine opening and to build access of mine . Mine development equipment is important in early stage of development. Most of the development equipment can use in excavation time also. The development equipment is necessary before mining cause it is the equipment which we will reach the ore body location.

5. Mine excavation Mine excavation is the process of removing soil, rock, and other materials to access valuable mineral deposits. This process involves using specialized machinery such as shovels, excavators, loaders, and haul trucks. Excavation is essential for extracting minerals efficiently and safely, playing a critical role in the overall mining operation

6. Mine excavation equipment The machine which is use during extracting ore body from their origin position which is known as mine excavation. Mine excavation equipment refers to a range of machinery specifically designed for digging, removing, and transporting earth, rock, and ore within mining operations. These machines are crucial for extracting valuable minerals efficiently and safely

7. List of development and excavation equipment's Dozer Excavators Back-hoe Tunnel Boring machine Dredgers Cranes Loaders Shovel

8. Dozer A dozer, short for bulldozer, is a heavy-duty construction machine equipped with a large metal blade in front. It is primarily used for pushing earth, debris, or other materials during construction, earthmoving, mining, or road-building projects. Dozers are versatile machines capable of handling various tasks, including leveling, grading, and clearing land by pushing materials forward or backward with their powerful blade. They are essential in preparing and maintaining surfaces for further construction or mining activities.

9. Types and importances of dozers Types Crawler dozer Wheel dozers Mini dozers Swamps Bull dozer Importins Earthmoving Level or grading Cleaning Rock breaking

10. Bull dozer

11. Excavators Excavators are heavy construction machines designed for digging and moving large quantities of soil, rocks, and other materials. They are characterized by a boom, stick, and bucket, which are attached to a rotating platform called the house. Excavators are versatile and commonly used in construction, mining, forestry, demolition, and landscaping projects due to their ability to perform various tasks such as digging trenches, foundations, and holes, as well as handling materials like debris and rocks.

12. Excavators

13. Important of excavator in mining Efficiently excavate large volumes of earth and ore. Facilitate rapid loading and transportation of materials. Enhance safety by reducing manual labor in hazardous mining environments. Enable precise digging and shaping of terrain. Contribute to overall productivity and operational efficiency in mining.

14. Back- hoe A backhoe is a versatile piece of equipment commonly used in construction and excavation projects. It consists of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm, which is mounted on a pivoting chassis. Backhoe loaders typically feature a greater number of moving parts compared to mini excavators. As a result, they often necessitate more frequent maintenance over time. In contrast, mini excavators boast a simpler design with fewer moving components, which generally translates to reduced maintenance requirements and less downtime. This characteristic can lead to potential long-term savings on maintenance costs

15. Application and important Application Excavation . Loading and Transport . Utility Work Landscaping Important Versatility Efficiency in urban areas. Cost-Effectiveness . Productivity

16. Tunnel boring machine A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a specialized piece of equipment used to excavate tunnels in various types of ground conditions. It consists of a cylindrical cutting head mounted on a shield or boring machine that advances through the ground as it excavates. TBMs are designed to create tunnels of various sizes and shapes efficiently and with minimal disruption to the surrounding environment.

17. Tunnel boring machine

18. Working principle of TBM Cutter Head : Equipped with rotating cutting tools to excavate soil or rock. Thrust System : Provides forward movement by pushing against tunnel walls or segments. Excavation and Removal : Removes excavated material (muck) via conveyors or slurry systems. Segmental Lining : Installs precast concrete segments to line and support tunnel walls. Shield or Support Structure : Provides protection and manages ground stability around the TBM.

19. Dredgers Dredgers is the underwater excavation machine for placer deposits , usually carried out from a floating vessels . Its has three types 1 Shallow water dredgers 2 Bucket- line dredgers 3 Suction dredgers

20. Working principle Excavation : Loosens and gathers sediment using cutting tools or suction devices. Suction System : Creates a vacuum to draw sediment and water through a suction pipe. Transport : Moves dredged material through pipelines or hopper barges to disposal sites. Separation : Processes sediment-water mixture to separate solid material from water. Control and Navigation : Uses navigation systems for precise dredging operations

21. Cranes Mine cranes are specialized lifting equipment used in mining operations for moving heavy materials, equipment, and machinery. They are designed to handle the demanding conditions of mining environments and ensure the safe and efficient transport of loads within mining sites.

22. Applications Material Handling : Lifting and transporting ores, rocks, and other materials from one part of the mine to another. Equipment Installation : Assisting in the installation and relocation of heavy mining machinery and infrastructure. Maintenance : Lifting components for repair and maintenance of mining equipment. Construction : Supporting the construction of new mine facilities and infrastructure. Emergency Response : Quickly removing debris and clearing pathways in case of mining accidents or emergencies.

23. Loaders Loaders are heavy equipment machines used in construction, mining, and other industries to load or move materials such as soil, rock, sand, gravel, and debris. They are equipped with a front-mounted bucket, which is used for scooping and transporting materials. They are, Wheel loaders Skip steer loaders Crawler loaders Backhoe loaders

24. Application Material Handling : Scooping and transporting mined materials (ore, coal, rock) from the mining face to trucks or conveyor belts. Loading Haul Trucks : Filling haul trucks with extracted materials for transport to processing plants or stockpile areas. Stockpiling : Creating stockpiles of mined material for later processing or shipment. Ground Clearing : Clearing overburden, debris, and waste material from mining sites. Road Maintenance : Maintaining and repairing mining roads and pathways for smooth and safe transport routes. Reclamation : Assisting in land reclamation projects by redistributing topsoil and preparing the area post-mining.

25. Shovel