Model & File Type Creo parametric software is used for 3D modelling process Model has been saved as STEP format STEP - Standard for the Exchange of Product Data Due to its ASCII structure, a STEP-file is easy to read, with typically one instance per line.
Mesh Details Tetrahedral mesh is applied in this work Tetrahedral elements can fit better complex geometry. The mesh generation was done using H-Type method. Mesh size is 20 mm Total number of nodes are 426841 Total number elements are 1273751
Ansys Fluent Ansys Fluent (CFD) is used for analysis work Ansys Fluent is very good for physics-based modeling of fluid and heat transfer problems. On fluent launcher Double Precision method is used Double precision will be significant if tiny relative differences are significant. Double precision is always more accurate, but does run slower and takes up more memory.
Solver Details In this work pressure based solver is used The pressure-based solvers take momentum and pressure as the primary variables. Pressure-velocity coupling algorithms are derived by reformatting the continuity equation Absolute velocity formulation is used in this work Analysis has been done on steady state
Solver Model Energy equation is enabled in this work Because it will take pressure and kinetic energy effect term into consideration automatically. K-epsilon (k-ε) Viscous Model is used for this work. K-epsilon (k-ε) turbulence model is the most common model used in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate mean flow characteristics for turbulent flow conditions.
Boundary Condition Boundary conditions consist of flow inlets and exit boundaries, wall, interfaces and internal face boundaries. Mass flow inlet type boundary condition is used as Inlet boundaries Pressure outlet type boundary condition is used as outlet boundaries Both hot and cold inlets and outlets are mentioned
Boundary Parameters At inlet cold boundary 0.16667 kg/s mass flow rate and 29.99999389648 °C temperature of cold water is used At inlet hot boundary 0.13333 0.16667 kg/s mass flow rate and 52.99999389648 °C temperature of hot water is used
Solution Scheme Pressure velocity coupling solver method and SIMPLE scheme is used in this work the SIMPLE algorithm is a widely used numerical procedure to solve the Navier–Stokes equations. SIMPLE is an acronym for Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure Linked Equations.
Solution Initialization Solution initialization is done by hybrid initialization method hybrid initialization solves a number of iterations (10) of a simplified equation system and thereby gets usually a better guess for the flow variables, in particular for the pressure field. 10 number of iterations are planned for solution before run calculation