Mixed & Complex Fertilizer.pptx

It's an presentation slide of Mixed & complex Fertilizer. I also discuss about alternative way to subside the use of mixed and complex fertilizer.

1. As love is the fertilizer for the soul of two loving people. just like Plants need fertilizer to development their own souls also.

2. A presentation on Mixed and Complex Fertilizer CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY

3. CONTENTS 02 Mixed Fertilizer 03 Complex Fertilizer 04 Alternative way to subside the use of mixed and complex fertilizer 01 About Fertilizer

4. A fertilizer is any material of natural or synthetic origin that is applied to soils or to plant tissues to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants. specifically : a substance (such as manure or a chemical mixture) used to make soil more fertile. Fertilizer There are 5 types of fertilizer according to nutrients present : 1. Straight fertilizer 2. Complex fertilizer 3. Mixed fertilizer 4. Bio fertilizer 5. Compound fertilizer 1

5. MIXED FERTILIZER

6. What does Mixed Fertilizer mean ? Mixed fertilizer means a fertilizer containing any combination or mixture of straight fertilizer materials designed for use or claimed to have value in promoting plant growth, including mixtures of fertilizer and pesticide. They are slow releasing by nature and remain in the field for a long time. Mixed fertilizer means a fertilizer containing any combination or mixture of straight fertilizer materials designed for use or claimed to have value in promoting plant growth, including mixtures of fertilizer and pesticide. They are slow releasing by nature and remain in the field for a long time. 2

7. Open formula mixed fertilizer Closed formula mixed fertilizer In this case, the manufacturing firms disclose the names and quantities of the straight fertilizers that are constituents of the mixed fertilizer. In this case, the manufacturing firms do not disclose the names and quantities of the straight fertilizers that are constituents of the mixed fertilizer. Kinds of Mixed Fertilizer 3

8. Main Advantages Much labor doesn’t need Less labor is required to apply a mixture than to apply its components separately Mixture have better physical condition Due to better physical condition they are slow releasing by nature and remain in the field for a long time. They are tailor made as per the soil and are crop specific. Easily incorporated Micronutrients can be easily incorporated in fertilizer mixture. Balanced manuring Use of fertilizer mixture leads to balanced manuring 4

9. Use does not permit individual nutrient application which of specific growth stage of crop. Unit cost of plant nutrients in mixtures is usually higher than those of straight fertilizers. Farmers use mixtures without careful study of their needs. The firms charge for mixing the fertilizers. Disadvantages 5

10. Manufacturing process of Mixed Fertilizer PROCESS STEPS Equipment's for packing fertilizer mixture range from the simplest types of hand operated facilities to highly sophisticated automatic machines. CALCULATING AND WEIGHING SIEVING AND SIZING MIXING PACKING With a good weighing device the calculated quantities of the various ingredients are weighed accurately for preparing mixtures. The raw materials must be converted into uniform sized particles to have effective making and to avoid segregation during subsequent handling. Weighed quantities of different materials are introduced into the Rotary drum, vertical cylinder and mixed thoroughly. 6

11. CHEMICAL & PHYSICAL CHANGES THAT OCCURS WHILE MANUFACTURING Segregation It is a property of any substance which absorbs moisture from air and gets converted to semi- solid or liquid condition. Fertilizer like Ca(NO 3 ) 2, NH 4 NO 2 are capable of absorbing moisture from air and become hygroscopic. This relates to separation of different sized particles individually. When ingredients of different sizes and densities are included there will be the tendency for the segregation (sorting out to different sizes) to take place. HYGROSCOPICITY Caking up Moisture present in some of the ingredients is responsible for caking up. Moisture dissolves some of the easily soluble ingredients and forms a saturated solution. This saturated solution on evaporation gives out crystals which knit together forming larger lumps. 7

12. Complex FERTILIZER

13. COMPLEX FERTILIZER Types OF COMPLEX FERTILIZERS Complex fertilizers is defined as a material containing all three primary, nutrients ( N,P and K) and it is also designated as complete complex fertilizers while a fertilizer material containing one or two of the primary nutrient elements (N and P or P and K etc ) are known as incomplete complex fertilizers. They are produced by a process of chemical reaction. NPK 20.20.0 NPK 27.13,5.0 NPK 22.22.0 NPK 15.15.15 NPK 20.10.10 NPK 16.20.0 DAP 18.46.0 MAP 12.52.0 Definition 8

14. Complex fertilizers come as granules of different colors according to the assortment They are less hygroscopic Their role is to neutralize the physiological acidity They have a higher ratio of using the nutrients They do not leave residues in the soil CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPLEX FERTILIZERS 9

15. NPK FERTILIZER Method of manufacture NPK fertilizer is a complex fertilizer comprised primarily of the three primary nutrients required for healthy plant growth. Granulation with a pipe reactor system Nitro phosphate Route Mixed Acid Route 10

16. Flow Chart of NPK Manufacture 11

17. 12

18. 13

19. 14

20. North America 21% South America 9% Europe 18% Australia 7% Asia 33% WORLD CONSUMPTION OF NPK COMPLEX FERTILIZER 2018 Africa 12% 15

21. ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES LABOUR COST HIGH NEED TO MIX & MEASURE ACCUATELY APPLICATION EASY INCREASE EFFICIENCY OF FERTILIZER ECONOMICAL ENSURE MORE DISTRIBUTION OF NUTRIENTS ON THE GROUND. TAKE LONGER TIME TO HELP PLANT GROWTH DIRECTLY AFFECTS THE PLANT GROWTH ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES 16

22. Use of fly ash USE OF CHARCOAL USE OF COMPOST Alternative way to subside the use of mixed and complex fertilizer 17

23. Use of Charcoal Charcoal  is a lightweight black carbon residue produced by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and plant materials. Charcoal  addition significantly increased biomass production of rice crop . IMPORTANCE Improve the potassium and phosphorus availability for plant nutrient The combine application of N with charcoal resulted in a higher N uptake for plant 18

24. Use of Compost Compost is made up of  organic materials  that break down in the soil, enriching its structure and adding essential nutrients COMPOST  wooded areas are filled with organic materials—trees, leaves, etc. Over time these materials slowly decompose, or break down, with the help of micro-organisms and  earthworms . Once the materials have decomposed, they turn into humas , an essential element in the production of rich, fertile soil that is also responsible for producing healthy plants. IMPORTANCE It can enhance the soil, building up the structure and texture. It increases airflow and water retention. Compost also stabilizes pH levels and supports essential bacteria. 19

25. FLY ASH COAL COMBUSTION RESIDUE OF thermal power plants known as fly ash also known as problematic solid waste. The disposal of high amount fly ash from thermal power plant absorbs huge amount of water & energy. IMPORTANCE Improve the physical, chemical& biological properties of degrade soil Modification of soil health & crop performances. High concentration of elements( k,Na,Zn,Ca,Mg &Fe) in flyash increases the yield of many agricultural crops 1:1 ratio ( coal:flyash ) increases the adsorption sites available for plant nutrients. USE OF FLY ASH 20

26. Thank for being with us DO YOU HAVE ANY QUESTION ?