MOD1- AT GRADE INTERSECTIONS.ppshsshhsstx

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1. MODULE 1 TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

2. AT GRADE INTERSECTIONS TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

3. AT GRADE INTERSECTIONS Intersections in the same level is called At Grade intersections Common type of intersection Traffic movements such as diverging, merging, crossing and weaving are carried out in the same level TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

4. Classification Channelized intersections Unchannelized intersections Rotary intersections or Roundabouts TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

5. Channelized Intersections Channelized intersections is the separation of conflicting traffic movements into definite paths of travel by the use of traffic island or other suitable means to facilitate the safe and orderly movement of both vehicles and pedestrians. TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

6. Advantages The efficiency of traffic handling is increased They serve as a guide to drivers They serve as an isolated path for pedestrians They reduce the chances of accidents They provide proper place for traffic signs, signals etc TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

7. Unchannelized intersections In this intersection, the intersection area is paved and there is a complete freeness of the vehicles to use any part of an intersection area Most economical form of intersection Classified into: Plain Intersection Flared Intersection TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

8. In plain intersections, no additional pavement width for turning movement is provided In flared intersections, the width of intersecting roadways at the junction are higher than the carriageway width The additional width reduce the accident rates by enabling turning vehicles to enter or leave the main traffic stream at lower speeds TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

9. Roundabouts or Rotaries It is an enlarged road intersection where all converging vehicles are forced to move round the large central island in clockwise direction. A rotary traffic island is located in the centre of the intersection to force the traffic movement in clockwise direction and thus substitute weaving of traffic around the island instead of direct crossing of vehicle pathways Weaving is the combined movement of a merging and diverging of traffic streams moving in the same direction TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

10. Roundabouts (contd) TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

11. Roundabouts (contd) Advantages Reduces the cross conflict Ensures one-directional movement of traffic Reduced cost of construction Can accommodate heavy volume of traffic Complete safety is ensured in rotary Disadvantages Requires large area Does not provide any special provision for pedestrians Not suitable for high speed roads Not suitable for roads when the intersection angle is very acute TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING