Modal verbs are special helping verbs that show a speaker’s attitude.pptx

Modal verbs are special helping verbs that show a speaker’s attitude, possibility, necessity, or ability. Common examples include: can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would.

1. MODAL VERBS

2. Can / Could: S + can + bare infinitive

3. * Usages : Expressing the probability to do something. Ex: I can come and see you tomorrow if you like. We can see the lake from our bedroom window. Can I help you?” “No, it’s all right. I can manage.”

4. can and ( Be) able to Ex : Hung is be able to do me a favor. Would you please be quiet? I’m not be able to concentrate. Ex: Are you able to speak any foreign languages?

5. Could = past tense of can Ex: She could sing well when she was younger.

6. Could = use for future Ex: What shall we do this evening? We could go to the cinema . * Note: can may use as could dose, however, could is the better way to express . Ex : I’m so angry with him. I could kill him!

7. Could and was/were able to … Ex: Jack was an excellent tennis player. He could beat anybody. Jack and Alf had a game of tennis yesterday. Alf played very well but in the end Jack was able to beat him.

8. could and (be ) able to … in negative form Ex: They couldn’t / weren’t able to reach the top of the Everest yesterday. Alf played well but he couldn’t / wasn’t able to beat Jack yesterday.

9. May / Might S + may / might + bare infinitive

10. * Usages : to talk about something may happen. Ex: It may / might be true . I may / might go to the disco tomorrow . Note: in daily conversation we might to talk the thing that usually happens . Ex : If I knew them better, I might invite them to dinner.

11. may have (done) / might have (done) . Ex: A : I wonder why Kay didn’t answer the phone. B : She may have been asleep . A : I was surprised that Sarah wasn’t at the meeting. B : She might not have known about it.

12. may / might with continuous . Ex : Don’t phone at 8.30. I ’ll be watching the football on television. = Don’t phone at 8.30. I may/might be watching the football on television.

13. Must / Have to : S + must + bare infinitive S + have to / has to + bare infinitive

14. Usages: Must = personal feeling Ex : She’s a really nice person. You must meet her. I haven’t phoned Ann for ages. I must phone her tonight.

15. Have to = the situation that makes us to do something. Ex: You can’t turn right here. You have to turn left. My eye sight isn’t very good. I have to wear glasses for reading. I have to get up early tomorrow. I’m going away and my train leaves at 7.30 .

16. mustn’t and don’t have to Ex : You must keep it a secret. You mustn’t tell anyone . I promised I would be on time. I mustn’t be late. You can tell me if you want but you don’t have to tell me

17. Should : S + should + bare infinitive

18. Usages : to give advice to sb. Ex : You look tired. You should go to bed. The government should do more to help homeless people. You shouldn’t believe everything you read in the newspapers.

19. should have done sth : have to do something Ex: You went to bed very late last night. You should have gone to bed earlier. It was a great party last night. You should have come . Why didn’t you?

20. * Note: ought to = should. Ex : Jack ought not/shouldn’t to go to bed so late. It was a great party last night. You ought to have/should have come