MODALS practise in english for class 12 PPT.pptx

modals practise

1. MODALS By Renu Varyani

2. MODALS Auxiliary Verbs that indicate the ‘manner of action’ are known as Modals. They express ability, possibility, necessity, permission, obligation, etc.

3. WILL ‘Will’ is used: to express order e.g. You will do it just now. to express threat e.g. You will be punished to express promise e.g. You will have a holiday to express determination e.g. You will work for me. to express Intention e.g. Will he go with you?

4. Would ‘ Would’ is used to express habitual action / repeated action e.g . He would sit all day with the book in his hand . e.g. Every summer, they would visit their cousins to express polite request e.g. Would you send me the file today? Also acts as past form of will e.g. We knew the film would make money.

5. CAN Negative: Cannot / Can’t Can is used: to express permission/request ( casual / Informal). Can I go there? to express possibility Anyone can go there. to express ability or capacity. He can keep awake the whole night.

6. COULD Negative: Could Not / Couldn’t Could is used: to express ability/ capacity in the past. He could swim very well in his youth. I could give him an answer if he had asked me. to express a polite request. Could you wait for some time? to express possibility under certain conditions. If he had money, we could buy a car.

7. ‘Ought to’ is used: to express the subject’s obligation or duty. We ought to love our neighbours. We ought not to deceive anyone. to give advice. You ought to practise for more than two hours. Important : It is less forceful than ‘must’.

8. May

9. MUST Negative: Must Not / Mustn’t Must is used: to express obligation/ duty. You must do as you’re told. Soldiers must obey the orders of their officers. to express necessity, compulsion or prohibition. I must go now. He must obey my orders. You mustn’t wear jeans at work. to express emphatic advice or determination. You must see a doctor at once. I must finish this work before 7 pm.

10. HAVE TO Negative: Don’t Have to ‘Have to’ is used: In the sense of ‘must ’. (to showcase obligation or necessity) Sorry, I have to go. (= Sorry, I must go now) I didn’t have to pay for the parking. IMPORTANT: ‘Must’ is used to talk about what the speaker or listener wants and ‘have (got) to’ is used to talk about rules, laws and other people’s wishes.

11. Will have to: It is used to express compulsion, obligation or necessity in the future. The expression ‘will have to’ is the future tense of ‘have to’ Will have to +V1 E.g. Next week you will have to deposit your fee.

12. Had to It is used to express ‘compulsion, obligation or necessity in the past.’ The expression ‘had to’ is the past tense of ‘have to’ Had to +V1 E.g. E.g. yesterday my servant did not come. I had to wash my clothes myself. The enemy had to accept defeat at last

13. NEED Negative: Need Not / Needn’t Need is used: chiefly to show absence of necessity or compulsion in the negative and interrogative. You need not pay the bill. Need I speak to him?

14. OUGHT TO Negative: Ought Not to / Oughtn’t to ‘Ought to’ is used: to express the subject’s obligation or duty. We ought to love our neighbours. We ought not to deceive anyone. to give advice. You ought to practise for more than two hours. Important : It is less forceful than ‘must’.

15. DARE Negative: Dare Not / Daren’t ‘Dare’ means ‘to have courage’. It is generally used in the negative and interrogative. I dare not ask my brother to help me. Dare we interrupt them? How dare you talk like this?

16. USED TO Negative: Used Not to / Didn’t Use to ‘Used to’ is used: to express past habit. I used to go for a walk every morning. to express the existence of something in the past. There used to be a garden in this place long ago.

17. THANK YOU! 