ModalsofAdviceRevision2EnglishOnline.pptx

Modals of Advice (CLB 5+)
Lunch & Learn
English Online Inc.

1. 1 Modals of Advice CLB level 5+ https://pixabay.com/photos/books-bookstore-book-reading-1204029/ shared under CC0

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3. Food for thought: 3 “ Food for thought ” is an English idiom which means: “ something to consider or think about .”

4. Modals – A quick review What are modals… ? Modals, or modal verbs, are auxilliary or “ helping” verbs. The most common English modal verbs include: must, shall, will, should, would, can, could, may, and might. 4

5. Modals – A quick review The pattern: Subject + Modal + Base Verb He should be quiet. They might come for dinner. . 5

6. Modals – A quick review “We use modals to show if we believe something is certain, possible or impossible : My keys must be in the car. (certain) It might rain tomorrow. (possible) That can't be Peter's coat. It's too small.” (impossible) 6

7. Modals – A quick review “We also use them to do things like talk about ability, ask permission , and make requests and offers: I can/can't swim. (Ability) May I ask a question? (Permission) Could I have some tea, please?” (Request) 7

8. Modals – A quick review “We use should, and shouldn’t to make suggestions and give advice : You should send her an email and apologize. You shouldn’t eat my cookies.” 8

9. Modals – A quick review Let’s take a look at how modal verbs are used. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/parts-of-speech-the-verb/verb-aspect-and-modal-verbs/v/modal-verbs-the-parts-of-speech-grammar 9

10. Modals of advice 10 advice ( noun): suggestions about what you think someone should do or how you think they should do it. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/learner-english/advice

11. Modals of advice “English speakers use these modal verbs to give advice: Should/shouldn’t ought to had better/had better not could 11

12. Modals of advice “ Should ” and “ ought to ” are used to make suggestions, but: “ had better ” is stronger, and “ could ” is much weaker than “should” and “ought to” could should/ought to had better ** “ought to” is less commonly used than “should.” 12

13. Modals of advice “English speakers use the modal verbs: should ought to had better to express that they think something is a good (or a bad) idea. “ Should ” is the most common way to give advice.” 13

14. Modals of advice “ Could ” is also sometimes used to make “softer” suggestions: You could talk to your teacher about the problems you are having in English class. You could stop for groceries after work. We could eat out tonight. 14

15. Modals of advice should, ought to, had better, could Listen to how these different modals slightly affect how the suggestion sounds: You had better wait until the snow stops before you drive home. You should wait until the snow stops before you drive home. You could wait until the snow stops. 15

16. Modals of advice “ Should ” and “ ought to ” can mean: This is my advice. This is a good idea. This is an important responsibility. You should study harder. You ought to study harder. Drivers should obey the speed limit. 16

17. Modals of advice Notes on “ ought to:” It is much less common that “should.” Native English speakers often pronounce “ought to” as “ otta .” This is called a reduction. I ought to (“ otta ”) study tonight, but I think I’ll watch a movie instead. 17

18. Modals of advice We use “ had better” when there is a possibility of something bad happening: 1. You had better get gas at the next station. Your tank is almost empty. 2. You had better see the dentist about that toothache. 18

19. Modals of advice Notes on “ had better:” It has a present or future meaning. It is more common in speaking than writing. You had better see the dentist about that toothache. 3. In spoken English, it sounds like this: You’d better see the dentist about that toothache. (This in another reduction). 19

20. Let’s practice! https://pixabay.com/photos/books-bookstore-book-reading-shop-1204038/ shared under CC0

21. Modals of advice Choose the answer to complete the sentences: 1. I think it is going to rain today. You __________________ an umbrella. a. should to take b. ought take c. should take 21

22. Modals of advice Choose the answer to complete the sentences: 1. I think it is going to rain today. You should take an umbrella. a. should to take b. ought take c. should take 22

23. Modals of advice Choose the answer to complete the sentences: 2. Her throat is sore and she has a fever. She _______________ to the walk-in clinic. a. should to go b. had better go c. ought go 23

24. Modals of advice Choose the answer to complete the sentences: 2. Her throat is sore and she has a fever. She had better go to the walk-in clinic. a. should to go b. had better go c. ought go 24

25. Modals of advice Choose the answer to complete the sentences: 3. Your gas tank is nearly empty. You _______________ at the nearest gas station. a. should stop b. had better to stop c. ought stop 25

26. Modals of advice Choose the answer to complete the sentences: 3. Your gas tank is nearly empty. You should stop at the nearest gas station. a. should stop b. had better to stop c. ought stop 26

27. Modals of advice Choose the answer to complete the sentences: 4. It’s very cold outside today. You ________________your coat. a. should to wear b. had better wear c. ought wear 27

28. Modals of advice Choose the answer to complete the sentences: 4. It’s very cold outside today. You had better wear your coat. a. should to wear b. had better wear c. ought wear 28

29. Modals of advice – Negative Forms Should Should not/shouldn’t Had better Had better not Could Could not/couldn’t is generally not used for advice, but ability. Ought to is rarely used in the negative. 29

30. Modals of advice – Negative Forms Should Should not/shouldn’t You should be quiet in the library. (positive) You shouldn’t talk so loudly. (negative) 30

31. Modals of advice – Negative Forms had better had better not You had better let the dog outside. You had better not leave the gate open. 31

32. Modals of advice – Practice Advice Giving: What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not I need to get some money. Advice? __________________________________ 32

33. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not I need to get some money. Advice? You had better get a job. You could go to the bank. 33

34. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 2. I am hungry and I don’t feel like cooking. Advice? __________________________________ 34

35. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 2. I am hungry and I don’t feel like cooking. Advice? You could order take-out. You could go to the deli. 35

36. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 3. I have a headache. Advice? ___________________________________ 36

37. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 3. I have a headache. Advice? You could take some Advil. You could rest. 37

38. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 4. I miss my family. Advice? __________________________________ 38

39. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 4. I miss my family. Advice? You should call/Skype them. 39

40. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 5. I don’t want to be late for work. Advice? _____________________________________ 40

41. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 5. I don’t want to be late for work. Advice? You should set your alarm. You ought to get up early. 41

42. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 6. It is cold outside. Advice? ___________________________________ 42

43. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 6. It is cold outside. Advice? You had better dress warmly. You should wear a coat. 43

44. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 6. It is cold outside. (use shouldn’t) Advice? ___________________________________ 44

45. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 6. It is cold outside. (use shouldn’t) Advice? You shouldn’t go out without a coat. 45

46. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 7. I want to get better at English. Advice? __________________________________ 46

47. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 7. I want to get better at English. Advice? You should practice often. You ought to take English classes. 47

48. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 8. I think I have Covid. Advice? ____________________________________ 48

49. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 8. I think I have Covid. Advice? You should take a test. You had better stay home. 49

50. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 9. I don’t want to miss the bus. Advice? ______________________________ 50

51. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 9. I don’t want to miss the bus. Advice? You should leave early. You had better not sleep in. 51

52. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 10. I need groceries. Advice? ______________________________ 52

53. Modals of advice – More Practice What advice would you give in response to the following? Use: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not 10. I need groceries. Advice? You could go to the store. 53

54. Modals of advice – More Practice Imagine you are giving advice to someone new to Canada. What advice could you offer about each topic? Mobile Phones: You should/shouldn’t _______________________ You had better/had better not: _______________. 54

55. Modals of advice – More Practice Imagine you are giving advice to someone new to Canada. What advice could you offer about each topic? 2. Use Social Networking Sites (Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIN ) You should/shouldn’t _______________________ You had better/had better not: _______________. 55

56. Modals of advice – More Practice Imagine you are giving advice to someone new to Canada. What advice could you offer about each topic? Meeting People: You should/shouldn’t _______________________ You had better/had better not: _______________. 56

57. Modals of advice – More Practice Imagine you are giving advice to someone new to Canada. What advice could you offer about each topic? 4. Visiting Someone’s Home: You should/shouldn’t _______________________ You had better/had better not: _______________. 57

58. Modals of advice – More Practice Imagine you are giving advice to someone new to Canada. What advice could you offer about each topic? 5. Getting around: You should/shouldn’t _______________________ You had better/had better not: _______________. 58

59. Modals of advice – More Practice Imagine you are giving advice to someone new to Canada. What advice could you offer about each topic? 6. Improving English: You should/shouldn’t _______________________ You had better/had better not: _______________. 59

60. Modals of advice – More Practice Imagine you are giving advice to someone visiting your home country. What advice could you offer about each topic? Getting around Visiting someone’s home Meeting people 60

61. More practice: 61 https://continuingstudies.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice2/

62. Questions? 62 https://pixabay.com/photos/cup-of-coffee-laptop-office-macbook-1280537/ shared under CC0

63. Homework: 63 Your good friend wants to move to Canada. Offer your friend some advice about living in (or moving to) Canada. Make 3 sentences. Use some modals: could, should, ought to, had better shouldn’t, had better not Submit your homework to Lori on Skype: live:loramoren .

64. HOMEWORK: The details Submit your homework to Lori on Skype : live:loramore n 2. After class, you have until the 11:59 pm the same day to complete the assignment. 3 . I will correct the homework and offer feedback. 

65. Sources: 65 https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/english-grammar-reference/modal-verbs https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/grammar/parts-of-speech-the-verb/verb-aspect-and-modal-verbs/v/modal-verbs-the-parts-of-speech-grammar https://continuingstudies.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice/ https://continuingstudies.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/330-modals-advice1/ Azar, Betty, and Hagen, S.A. (Understanding and Using English Grammar, Pearson Education, 2017.

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67. Thank you! Lori Morency Skype: live:loramoren livelearn.ca

68. Thank you! Blaine [email protected] livelearn.ca 1-204-946-5140 Website: livelearn.ca Email: [email protected]