Modelling and Optimization of Solar Light Trap For Reducing and Controlling The Pest Population.pptx

Reducing and controlling the pest population using light traps is an age old practice in our crop sector. Pests, bugs and insects are the vital issues that distress the development of crop. Eventually, monitoring and trapping of bugs becomes a more challenging task. The traditional human operators execute surveys of the traps dispersed over the field at regular intervals. This encompasses more work, requires considerable time and is not consistent. It is not effective on economic grounds too. These limitations in the existing systems call for automation with affordable cost. Though there are several models and designs are available but to develop something that could be solar powered trap with collecting net and not dependent on any other source like wind power, mechanical power, fuel & electricity is more effective.

1. Modelling and Optimization of Solar Light Trap For “Reducing and Controlling” The Pest Population Under the guidance of K.Ramesh Mechanical Department B.M.S College of Engineering MD SAIF UR RAHMAN 1BM13ME058

2. CONTENTS Introduction Advantages Experimental Setup Installation Working Results Recent Developments Conclusion References

3. INTRODUCTION India produces 90,000 metric tons of pesticides a year pesticide and pesticide consumption in India has grown to a total market size of over Rs.45000 million in FY 03. India loses nearly 30% of its potential crop to insects, weeds and rodent attacks. Farmers pursuing the goal of better returns obtained through organic farming must change their traditional ways of controlling pests . They may be motivated by environmental concerns or cost of pesticides.

4. There are alternatives to using pesticides. These are generally known as sustainable agriculture or alternative agriculture . Integrated Pest management(IPM) is one such alternative started throughout the country in 1990’s. There are a number of IPM practices that work best when applied by the entire community and in a synchronized mode. Solar light trap which will be the most effective IPM (Integrated Pest Management) tool for the monitoring of insect pests. their mechanical control in the field of agriculture, provide no harm to the nature and also have low cost involvement.

5. ADVANTAGES Helps to catch all the Flying Nymphs and Adult insects like Leaf folder, Stem borer moths, Fruit borer moths, Hoppers, Fruit Weevil and Beetles etc., thereby reduce adult population and subsequent progenies in the fields . Helps to identify the Pest and Insects pattern to develop Pest Management and control plan. Helps distinguishing and controlling pest and insects damaging the crop and enabling pollination to improve the productivity . Produced output has less chemical impact which makes people healthy and protects eco system . Solar Chargeable and Automatic Timer Device Turn ON by sunset and Turn Off after 3 hours continuous operation.

6. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP The system is mainly constituted by solar panels, super capacitors, control circuit, control keyboard, LED pest control light sensors, Trapping net, one body type bolt, fan, and leg support base. Fig 1. Solar Light Trap Models

7. The function of solar panels is to convert the solar radiant energy to the electrical energy which is then stored by the super capacitor for the load to use. the control circuit is the core of the solar LED pest control system, for the charge and discharge control will directly affect the system’s application results. so the charge and discharge controller should have various functions such as the charge and discharge, the maximum power tracking, overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, short circuit protection etc.

8. INSTALLATION When we install the pest control lights in the fields, if the distance between lights is greater than the radiation range, it may result in inadequate pest trapping . I f the distance between lights is smaller than the radiation range, it may lead to resource waste. Set different light distances according to the experiment to conduct trapping, and then identify the appropriate one by the comparative analysis.

9. WORKING The operation of the solar light trap is very easy. There is a switch above the LED bulb. A farmer has to switch-ON the bulb every evening time and switch-OFF in the morning and the solar light trap will be charged during day time and provide light at night. Although this can be avoided and the system can be automated using LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) control unit. It automatically ON/OFF the system. The insects collected in the funnel or beaker is removed in the morning.

10. RESULTS The results of one of the experiments conducted by Dr. S. Thangalakshmi and R. Ramanujan[1] is shown below. Table 1. Insects caught between 6pm and 9pm in an Open Field Fig 2. Sample insects Insects caught 6 pm to 7 pm 7 pm to 8 pm 8 pm to 9 pm Dragon fly 1 2 3 Cricket 2 3 4 Grasshopper 1 3 3 Flies 2 2 Bugs 1 3 1 Miscellaneous 2 2 3 Total 9 18 15

11. Nichanant Sermsri and Chonmapat Torasa [2], conducted technical effectiveness test of solar light trap. The result on illuminated effectiveness of LED shown that, the 150 LED bulbs produced 160 luxs at 0.5 meters and 25 luxs at 2 meters . The result on the amount of current supply to LED found that, the current supply was 1.1 amps; 13.2 watts, when connected 12 volts battery to 150 LED bulbs . The result on the amount of current used to charge battery found that, the voltage at 11 am – 1 pm which the solar cells got the most solar energy was 17 volt. The result of light sensor switch circuit test indicated that, when there was no sunlight on sensor, the sensors worked properly 100%.

12.   RECENT DEVELOPMENTS A n autonomous monitoring system has been designed to improve agricultural yield and reduce the effects of insect pests in hindering production. Three different types of meshes are used (1 inch, ½ inch and ¼inch ). B aits , namely Brown Sugar Yeast, Rotten fruits, Molasses and Sugar water are placed on the meshes to lure the insects. Different types of lights like Ultra – Violet and LED are used to attract the insects and trap them subsequently. IR Cameras are used for image capturing and GPRS/GSM module is used for intimation and data transmission . Number of insects and species types can be identifiedand counted using the images obtained.

13.   CONCLUSION Solar energy-based insect pest trap research chooses general materials to be adapted for insect pest trapping. The model was designed and developed in easy way to handle and use by the farmers in the field. The Solar light trap can trap many common insect pests. LED bulbs with 12 volts are safer to use more than fluorescent bulbs with 220 volts. Most of the traps are not appropriate for tall and leafy trees because the sunlight could not shine on the trap, the solar cells could not produce electric energy to battery . The scope of the solar light trap can be expanded by adding the concept of electrocution. Electrocution can be done by changing the existing meshes into electrocuting meshes to kill the collected insects, which is preferred by farmers over killing agents.

14.   REFERENCES [1] Dr . S. Thangalakshmi , R. Ramanujan 2015. Electronic Trapping and Monitoring of Insect Pests troubling Agricultural Fields, International Journal of Emerging Engineering Research and Technology (ISSN 2349-4395). [2] Nichanant Sermsri , Chonmapat Torasa 2015. Solar Energy-Based Insect Pest Trap, 7th World Conference on Educational Sciences (WCES-2015 ). R . Brimapureeswaran1, G.Nivas1, R.Meenatchi , Alice R.P.Sujeetha , M.Loganathan , DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW SOLAR LIGHT CUM GLUE TRAP MODEL AND ITS UTILIZATION IN AGRICULTURE, International Journal of Emerging Technology and Innovative Engineering 2016 (ISSN: 2394 – 6598). P. K. BERA, Development of a New Solar Light Trap Model and Its Utilisation as IPM Tool in Agriculture, JETIR (ISSN-2349-5162).

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