Module 1_Principles of Emergency Care.pptx

Principles of Emergency Care

1. SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 1 Principles of Emergency Care and Introduction to Basic Life Support UNIT OF COMPETENCY 1

2. SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 2 PART A: Principles of Emergency Care UNIT OF COMPETENCY 1

3. BLS for HCP LEARNING OBJECTIVES: At the end of the discussion, the participants should be able to: Describe correctly the Five Emergency Action Principles with emphasis on the following: Enumerate the elements of Scene Survey with emphasis on Infection Control Protocol (ICP) Appreciate the different ways in Activating Medical Assistance Describe Initial Assessment Analyze the components of Secondary Assessment Value the importance of Referral of Victim for further Evaluation and Management At the end of the demonstration, participants should be able to: Perform precisely the basic Initial Assessment of the Victim with Sudden Cardiac Arrest

4. 4 1. PLANNING 2. PROVISION OF LOGISTICS Emergency plan should be established based on anticipated needs and available resources. The emergency response begins with the preparation of equipment and personnel before any emergency occurs. GETTING STARTED

5. 5 3. INITIAL RESPONSE A sk for HELP. I ntervene D o no further harm. 4. INSTRUCTION TO BY-STANDERS Proper information and instruction to by- stander/s would provide organized first aid care. GETTING STARTED

6. Survey the Scene Activate Medical Assistance (AMA) Initial Assessment of the Victim Secondary Assessment of the Victim Referral for further Evaluation and Management FIVE EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES

7. Elements of Survey the Scene Scene safety. Mechanism of injury or nature of illness. Take standard precautions. Wear Personal Protective Equipment. Determine the number of patients Consider additional/specialized resources. 1. SURVEY THE SCENE Once you recognized that an emergency has occurred and decide to act, you must make sure the scene of the emergency is safe for you, the victim/s, and any bystander/s. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES REMEMBER! NO PPE, NO BLS!

8. Call First and CPR First (Done simultaneously, as possible) Both trained and untrained bystanders should be instructed to Activate Medical Assistance as soon as they have determined that a victim requires emergency care. 2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES www.illustrationsource.com

9. CALL FIRST CPR FIRST Adults and Adolescents Witnessed collapse of children and infants Adults and Adolescents with likely asphyxial arrest (e.g. drowning) Unwitnessed collapse of children and infants If you are ALONE with no mobile phone, leave the victim to activate emergency response system and get AED/emergency equipment before beginning CPR Otherwise, send someone and begin CPR immediately; use the AED as soon as it is available Give 2 minutes (5 cycles) of CPR Leave the victim to activate emergency response system and get the AED Return to the child or infant and resume CPR; use the AED as soon as it is available 2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES

10. Use of Social Media to Summon Rescuers 2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE OR TRANSFER FACILITY Note: The video presentation is only for demonstration purposes and not for any advertisements. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES

11. Use of Mobile Phone in Activation of Emergency Medical Service (EMS) The Adult BLS Algorithm has been modified to reflect the fact that rescuers can activate an emergency response (i.e. through use of a mobile telephone) without leaving the victim’s side.   2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES Source: www.valenzuela.gov.ph

12. Information to be remembered in Activating Medical Assistance: WHAT happened? LOCATION ? NUMBER of Persons Injured? EXTENT of Injury and First Aid given? TELEPHONE NO . from where you are calling? PERSON who activated Medical Assistance must identify him/herself and drop the phone last. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES

13. HEMS Operation Center 09175717234 -Globe 09189472018 - Smart 732-55-55 loc. 4268 LOCAL EMERGENCY HOTLINES PNP Legazpi - 0926-625-6247 PNP Daraga - 0998-598-5937 APEC - 0908-677-3393/ 0995-726-6332/ 0929-268-3904 Albay PPO - 0917-514-3757 BFP Central Station - 0917-893-2416 BFP Legazpi - 0919-992-5484 BFP Daraga - 0906-564-8793 Daraga Water District - 483-3232 Legazpi Water District - 0918-455-5922 WHAT ARE YOUR EMERGENCY NUMBERS? EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES

14. 3. DO A PRIMARY ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIM In every emergency situation, you must first find out if there are conditions that are an immediate threat to the victim’s life. Check for Responsiveness Open the Airway Check for Breathing ( Look for rise and fall of the chest) Check for Circulation (Pulse)* ABC EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES Reference for pictures: www.acsh.org; http://www.tfd.metro.tokyo.jp Remember! Checking for Breathing and Circulation shall be done simultaneously in no more than 10 seconds. *For Health Care Provider Only During Normal Times, below shall be followed:

15. 3. DO A PRIMARY ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIM Check for Responsiveness Open the Airway during FBAO management only. Otherwise, cover the victim’s mouth and nose with cloth or mask. Check for Circulation (Pulse)* ABC EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES Reference for pictures: www.acsh.org; http://www.tfd.metro.tokyo.jp Remember! Checking for Breathing and Circulation shall be done simultaneously in no more than 10 seconds. *For Health Care Provider Only During COVID-19 Pandemic, below shall be followed: Check for Breathing (Look for rise and fall of the chest)

16. 4. DO A SECONDARY ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIM It is a systematic method of gathering additional information about injuries or conditions that may need care. a. Interview the victim S - signs and symptoms A - allergies M - medications P - past medical history L - last meal taken E - events prior to injury or incident b. Check vital signs - every 15 minutes if stable condition, and every 5 minutes if unstable EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES http://www.boloji.com

17. c. Head to Toe Examination Rescuers should look for other signs of injuries in a quick manner from the head to toe and apply necessary first aid measures to the injury seen. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES www.acphospitalist.org

18. 5. REFERRAL OF THE VICTIM FOR FURTHER EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT It refers to the transfer of a victim to hospital or advanced health care facility for a definitive treatment. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES www.dreamstime.com www.dreamstime.com

19. GOLDEN RULES IN GIVING EMERGENCY CARE Do obtain consent when possible Do remember to identify yourself Do respect the victim( modesty and privacy) Do care for the most serious injuries first Do loosen tight clothing Do not leave the victim alone except to get help Do not make any unrealistic promises Do not trust the judgment of a confused person DO’s DONT’s

20. BLS for HCP DID WE MEET OUR OBJECTIVES? At the end of the discussion, the participants should be able to: Describe correctly the Five Emergency Action Principles with emphasis on the following: Enumerate the elements of Scene Survey with emphasis on Infection Control Protocol (ICP) Appreciate the different ways in Activating Medical Assistance Describe Initial Assessment Analyze the components of Secondary Assessment Value the importance of Referral of Victim for further Evaluation and Management At the end of the demonstration, participants should be able to: Perform precisely the basic Initial Assessment of the Victim with Sudden Cardiac Arrest

21. ANY QUESTIONS?