MSD 2 Child labour. The effects of child labour

Effects and relationship between musculoskeletal disorders and child labour

1. Child labor and MSD Dr. Mahnoor

2. Learning objective What is child labor? Musculoskeletal disorders related to child labor Causes of musculoskeletal disorders in children Prevention of Musculoskeletal disorders in Child labors

3. Child labor The term “child labour ” is often defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development. It refers to work that: is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children; and/or interferes with their schooling by: depriving them of the opportunity to attend school; obliging them to leave school prematurely; or requiring them to attempt to combine school attendance with excessively long and heavy work.

4. Health risks Health risks associated with child labor are: Poor growth Malnutrition Higher incidence of infectious diseases Higher incidence of systemic diseases Behavioral and emotional disorders Decreased coping efficacy

5. Child labor and MSD Factors that can cause MSD in child labor are: Poor growth Malnutrition leading to improper bone formation Children are at increased risk of injuries to their bones, tendons and ligaments Ergonomic factors also contribute to musculoskeletal disorders. Incorrect posture

6. Cont. MSDs in child labor comprise of but are not limited to: Fractures Sprains Osteochondroses Limbs of unequal length Back pain Neck pain Rickets

7. Prevention Knowledge of occupational risk factors can support actions to restructure work conditions to reduce or eliminate childhood exposure to hazardous conditions. Engineering controls such as: Changing workstation layout, which might include using height-adjustable workbenches or locating tools and materials within short reaching distances Raise awareness Legislation Proper protective equipment Training programs

8. Child labor act Article 11.3 of the constitution of Pakistan says “ No child below the age of fourteen years shall be engaged in any factory or mine or any other hazardous employment.” Similar safeguards have been provided in the Article 37 of constitution.

9. Any Questions?

10. Thank you!