Mucopolysaccharides.pptx

This is a detailed PPT of Mucopolysaccharide for MBBS students.
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1. A Brief Overview Mucopolysaccharide 11/01/2023

2. What are Polysaccharides? These are polymerized products of many monosaccharide units, held together by glycosidic bonds.

3. Types of Polysaccharides 1. Homopolysaccharide or Homoglycans These are composed of single kind of monosaccharide. e.g. Starch, Cellulose 2. Heteropolysaccharides or Heteroglycans These are composed of two or more different kind of monosaccharides. e.g. Mucopolysaccharide

4. Mucopolysaccharide These are heteropolysaccharides made up of repeating units of amino sugars and uronic acids. They are also called Glycosaminoglycans(GAG) Acetylated amino groups, sulfate and carboxyl groups are generally present in GAG structure. Mucopolysaccharides in combination with proteins form mucoprotines or proteoglycans.

5. Functions of Mucopolysaccharides They are major components of the extracellular matrix or ground substance. They lubricate joints both at the surface of cartilage and in synovial fluid. The viscous lubricating properties of mucous secretions are also due to the presence of
glycosaminoglycans, which led to the original naming of these compounds as mucopolysaccharides

6. Example of Mucopolysaccharides Heparan Sulfate Heparin Hyaluronic Acid Keratan Sulfate Chondroitin Sulfate Dermatan Sulfate H H H K C D

7. Heparan Sulfate Amino sugar : Uronic acid : N-glucosamine Glucuronic acid

8. It is associated with the plasma membrane of cells. It may act as receptors and may also participate in the mediation of the cell growth and cell communication. It is also found in the basement membrane of the kidney. Heparan Sulfate

9. Heparin N-glucosamine L-iduronic acid Amino sugar : Uronic acid :

10. It is an anticoagulant widely used when taking blood in vitro for clinical studies. It is also used in vivo in suspected thromboembolic conditions to prevent intravascular coagulation. It activates antithrombin III, which in turn inactivates thrombin, factor IX and factor X. Heparin is present in liver, lungs, spleen and monocytes. Heparin

11. Hyaluronic Acid Amino sugar : Uronic acid : N-acetylglucosamine D-Glucuronic acid

12. Hyaluronic Acid Serves as lubricant and shock absorber, facilitates cell migration in embryogenesis, morphogenesis, wound healing. It is present in connective tissues, tendons, synovial fluid and vitreous humor of eye. It is also forms a gel around the ovum which is cleared by hyaluronidase enzyme.

13. Keratan Sulfate Amino sugar : Uronic acid : N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-sulphate D-galactose

14. Keratan Sulfate It is the only GAG, which does not contain any uronic acid. Instead of uronic acid it contains galactose It is found in cartilage, cornea and connective tissues. It keeps cornea transparent.

15. Chondroitin Sulfate Amino sugar : Uronic acid : N-acetyl-D-galactosamine D-Glucuronic acid

16. Chondroitin Sulfate It is present in ground substance of connective tissues. It is widely distributed in cartilage, bone, tendons, cornea and skin. It helps to maintain the structure and shapes of tissues. It is structurally comparable with hyaluronic acid.

17. Dermatan Sulfate Amino sugar : Uronic acid : N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate L-iduronic acid

18. Dermatan Sulfate It is found in skin, blood vessels and heart valves. It is also found in intracellular locations such as the nucleus. It is structurally similar to chondroitin 4-sulfate Only difference is that in place of D-glucuronic, L-iduronic acid is present. It maintains the shape of tissues.

19. Conclusion Memonic - The savior of medicos! :) H H H K C D Heparan Sulfate Heparin Hyaluronic Acid Keratan Sulfate Chondroitin Sulfate Dermatan Sulfate Uronic Acid Glucuronic Acid Iduronic Acid Glucuronic Acid Glucuronic Acid Iduronic Acid Galactose Amino sugar N-glucosamine N-glucosamine N-acetylglucosamine N-acetylglucosamine N-acetylgalactosamine N-acetylgalactosamine

20. Thank You! By- AMAN SINGH

21. https://www.canva.com/design/DAFXJyOKPUI/gYnoNAE0SlSK2o891w4GsA/view?utm_content=DAFXJyOKPUI&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=publishsharelink&mode=preview C a n v a T e m p late L i n k