MUGHAL EMPIRE AND THEIR MONUMENTS

FOR STUDY PURPOSE [SOCIAL SCIENCE [HISTORY]

1. MUGHAL EMPIRE AND THEIR MONUMENTS BY ARUSH KASHYAP MRIDUL KUMAR JHA DIGANTH GOWDA SUNAY SHET

2. THE MUGHAL EMPERORS Babur [ 14 February 1483 – 26 December 1530] born Zahīr ud-Dīn Muhammad , was the founder of the Mughal Empire and first Emperor of the Mughal Dynasty (1526–1530) in the Indian Subcontinent. He was a descendant of Timur and Genghis Khan through his father and mother respectively. Nasir-ud-Din Muḥammad, better known by his regnal name, Humayun, was the second emperor of the Mughal Empire, who ruled over territory in what is now Afghanistan, Pakistan, Northern India, and Bangladesh from 1530–1540 and again from 1555–1556.

3. THE MUGHAL EMPERORS Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar, popularly known as Akbar the Great, and also as Akbar I, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal domains in India. Nur-ud-din Muhammad Salim, known by his imperial name Jahangir, was the fourth Mughal Emperor, who ruled from 1605 until his death in 1627. His imperial name, means 'conqueror of the world', 'world-conqueror' or 'world-seizer'.

4. THE MUGHAL EMPERORS Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram, better known by his regnal name Shah Jahan, was the fifth Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1628 to 1658. He is widely considered one of the greatest Mughal emperors; under his reign the Mughal Empire reached the peak of its glory. Muhi-ud-Din Muhammad, commonly known by the sobriquet Aurangzeb or by his regnal title Alamgir, was the sixth Mughal emperor, who ruled over almost the entire Indian subcontinent for a period of 49 years.

5. MONUMENTS MADE BY MUGHAL EMPERORS There Are Many Beautiful, Architectural Monuments Made By The Mughal Emperors. Some Of These Are:- THE TAJ MAHAL[AGRA] THE FATEHPUR SIKRI [AGRA] THE RED FORT [DELHI] THE AGRA FORT [AGRA] AKBAR’S TOMB [AGRA] ALLAHBAD FORT [PRAYAGRAJ]

6. TAJ MAHAL An immense mausoleum of white marble, built in Agra between 1631 and 1648 by order of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his favourite wife, the Taj Mahal is the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world's heritage.

7. AKBAR’S TOMB Akbar's tomb is the tomb of the Mughal emperor Akbar. This tomb is an important Mughal architectural masterpiece. It was built in 1605–1613 by his son Jahangir and is situated in 119 acres of grounds in Sikandra, a sub-urban of Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. The tomb is engraved with Hindu swastik symbol on the walls. Located in Sikandra, 8 km (5 miles) northwest of Agra, the outstanding sandstone and marble Tomb of Akbar the Great commemorates the greatest of the Mughal emperors.

8. FATEHPUR SIKRI Fatehpur Sikri is a small city in northern India, just west of Agra, founded by a 16th-century Mughal emperor. Red sandstone buildings cluster at its center. Buland Darwaza gate is the entrance to Jama Masjid mosque. Nearby is the marble Tomb of Salim Chishti. Diwan-E-Khas hall has a carved central pillar.

9. RED FORT The Red Fort is a historic fort in the city of Delhi in India that served as the main residence of the Mughal Emperors. Emperor Shah Jahan commissioned construction of the Red Fort on 12 May 1638, when he decided to shift his capital from Agra to Delhi. Every year on India's Independence Day (15 August), the prime minister of India hoists the national flag at the Red Fort and delivers a nationally broadcast speech from its ramparts. The Red Fort, the largest monument in Delhi, is one of its most popular tourist destinations and attracts thousands of visitors every year.

10. AGRA FORT Agra Fort is a historical fort in the city of Agra in India. It was the main residence of the emperors of the Mughal Dynasty until 1638, when the capital was shifted from Agra to Delhi. Before capture by the British, the last Indian rulers to have occupied it were the Marathas.

11. ALLAHBAD FORT Allahabad Fort is a fort built by the Mughal emperor Akbar at Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India in 1583. The fort stands on the banks of the Yamuna near its confluence with the river Ganges. It is recognised by the Archaeological Survey of India as a monument of national importance.