Mumps

This ppt contains all information about epidemiology of mumps. It is useful for students of medical field learning preventive and social medicine, Swasthavritta (Ayurved), nursing and everyone who is interested in knowing about it.

1. Mumps
Dr. Shubhangi S. Kshirsagar
Assistant professor
Department of Swasthavritta & Yoga

2. Mumps
An acute infectious disease
caused by an RNA virus.
 Clinically, the disease is
recognized by non-
suppurative enlargement
and tenderness of one or
both the parotid glands.
Other organs may also be
involved.

4. Agent factors
a. Agent - Myxovirus parotiditis is a RNA virus
of the myxovirus family.
b. Source of infection
Clinical and subclinical cases.
Subclinical cases - 30-40 per cent of all cases
and responsible for maintaining the cycle of
infection.
c. Period of communicability - 4-6 days before the
onset of symptoms and a week or more
thereafter.
d. Secondary attack rate - 86 per cent.

5. Host factors
a.Age – 5-9 years of age.
b.Immunity
 One attack, clinical or subclinical, is assumed
to induce lifelong immunity.
Most infants below the age of 6 months are
immune because of maternal antibodies.

6. Environmental factors
 Cases occur throughout the year, but the peak
incidence is in winter and spring.
Epidemics are often associated with
overcrowding.

7. Mode of transmission
1.Droplet infection
2.Direct contact with an infected person.

8. Incubation period


Varies from 2 to 4 weeks, usually 14-18 days

9. Clinical features
Mumps is a generalized virus infection.
 30-40 per cent of cases mumps infection is
clinically non-apparent.
In clinically apparent cases,
Pain and swelling in either one or both the parotid
glands
It may also involve the sublingual and
submandibular glands.
The child complains of ear ache on the affected
side prior to the onset of swelling.

10. There may be pain and stiffness on opening
the mouth.
Mumps may also affect the testes, pancreas,
CNS, ovaries, prostate, etc.
In severe cases, there may be fever, headache
and other constitutional symptoms which may
last from 3-5 days.
The swelling subsides slowly over 1-2 weeks.

11. Complications
Orchitis
Ovaritis
Pancreatitis
Meningoencephalitis
Thyroiditis
Neuritis
Hepatitis
 Myocarditis
Sensorineural deafness

12. Prevention
Live attenuated vaccine
Widely-used live attenuated mumps vaccine
strains include the JerylLynn, RIT 4385,
Leningrad-3, L-Zagreb and Urabe strains.
Single dose (0.5 ml) intramuscularly produces
detectable antibodies in 95 per cent of vaccines.
First dose – over 1 year of age children, either
alone or in combination(MMR)
Second dose – at 4-6 years of age

13. Control
The control of mumps is difficult because the
disease is infectious before a diagnosis can be
made.
The long and variable incubation period and the
occurrence of subclinical cases make the control
of spread difficult.
Isolation - Cases should be isolated till the
clinical manifestations subside.
Disinfection of the articles used by the patient.
Surveillance - Contacts should be kept under
surveillance.

14. Thank You !