muscles and types and its chatlracteristics

Basics of muscles

1. Muscles and Their Types

2. What Are Muscles? Skeletal Muscle: Cardiac Muscle Involuntary, found only in the heart, striated. Smooth Muscle Involuntary, found in organs, non-striated. Muscles are soft tissues responsible for generating force and movement . Voluntary, attached to bones, striated appearance.

3. Functions of Muscles: 1. Movement: Muscles contract to move bones and body parts . 2 . Posture: Help maintain body posture and alignment . 3 . Stability: Stabilize joints and prevent unwanted movement . 4 . Heat Production: Generate heat through contractions, regulating body temperature . 5 . Circulation: Cardiac muscles pump blood, while smooth muscles help move blood and fluids in vessels . 6 . Breathing: Muscles like the diaphragm control respiration . 7 . Protection: Provide a layer of protection for internal organs.

4. Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function Attached to bones, voluntary control, makes up 40% of body weight . Striated due to the arrangement of actin and myosin filaments . 1. Muscle Fiber (Cell) : Long, cylindrical cells that make up the muscle . 2 . Sarcolemma: The membrane surrounding each muscle fiber . 3 . Myofibrils : Thread-like structures inside muscle fibers, made of actin and myosin filaments . 4 . Sarcomeres: The functional unit of a muscle, where contraction occurs (made up of actin and myosin ). 5 . Tendons : Connect the skeletal muscle to bones, enabling movement . 6 . Nuclei : Each muscle fiber has multiple nuclei for controlling its function.

5. Properties of Muscle Fibers : 1. Contractility: Ability to contract and generate force . 2 . Excitability: Respond to stimuli, usually from nerve impulses . 3 . Extensibility: Can be stretched without being damaged . 4 . Elasticity: Can return to original length after stretching or contracting . 5 . Conductivity: Ability to transmit electrical signals across the muscle fiber . 6 . Plasticity: Adaptability to different levels of use (e.g., hypertrophy with training).