MUSCULAR SYSTEM.pptx, Human anatomy & physiology

The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. It permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. The muscular systems in vertebrates are controlled through the nervous system although some muscles can be completely autonomous.

1. MUSCULAR SYSTEM PRESEENTED BY : Ms.Sapna Rani MMCP,MM(DU) ASSISTANT PROFESSOR PHARMACOLOGY

2. The Muscular System Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement – they contract or shorten and are the machine of the body Three basic muscle types are found in the body Skeletal muscle Cardiac muscle Smooth muscle Slide 6. 2 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3. Introduction 3 Human body contains over 400 skeletal muscles 40-50% of total body weight Functions of skeletal muscle Body movement (Locomotion) Maintenance of posture Respiration Diaphragm and intercostal contractions Communication (Verbal and Facial) Constriction of organs and vessels Peristalsis of intestinal tract Vasoconstriction of b.v. and other structures (pupils) Production of body heat (Thermogenesis)

4. Skeletal Muscle Characteristics Most are attached by tendons to bones Cells are multinucleate Striated – have visible banding Voluntary – subject to conscious control Cells are surrounded and bundled by connective tissue = great force, but tires easily

5. T erms  Sarcolemma = Cell membrane  Sarcoplasm = Cytoplasm  Sarcoplasmic Reticulum = Endoplasmic Reticulum  Sarcosomes = Mitochontria 5

6. Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle Slide 6.4a Endomysium – around single muscle fiber Perimysium – around a fascicle (bundle) of fiber s Figure 6.1

7. Connective Tissue Wrappings of Skeletal Muscle Epimysium – covers the entire skeletal muscle Fascia – on the outside of the epimysium Figure 6.1