Mushroom_culture.pptx . methods of mushroom culturing

this presentation is about culture of mushrooms.

1. MUSHROOM PRODUCTION AND ITS ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE

2. Mushrooms are a type of fungi; Fungi are living organisms that are distantly related to plants, and more closely related to animals, but rather different from either of those groups. All mushrooms are fungi, but not all fungi are mushrooms. A mushroom is the reproductive structure produced by some fungi. It is somewhat like the fruit of a plant, except that the “seeds” it produces are in fact millions of microscopic spores that form in the gills or pores underneath the mushroom’s cap.

3. Edible mushrooms are consumed for their nutritional value and they are occasionally consumed for their supposed medicinal value. Mushrooms consumed by those practicing folk medicine are known as medicinal mushrooms. In a 100 gram (3.5 ounce) amount, raw mushrooms provide 22 calories.

4. Types of edible mushroom

5. Historical Background of Mushroom Culture in the Philippines A long time ago mushrooms were believe to be a fruit of thunderbolt The Chinese introduce mushroom culture in the Philippines and it started in Pampanga in the early 1900’s

6. UP College of agriculture developed scientific method by using spawns in 1916 The National Science and Development Board (NSDB), the National Research Council of the Philippines (NRCP) and Philippines Council for Agriculture Resources Research and Development (PCARRD) were financed research of Department of Plant Pathology in UPLB to improve the technology of mushroom culture

7. Etymology o Pinagmulan A g r i L a t in Field (English) BUKID (Tagalog) Culture Latin (Cultura) Cultivate (English ) Tagalog - Paglilinang, Pagbubungkal, Pag-aararo ng lupa/ bukid

8. Agaricus Bisporus (Button Mushroom)

9. Auricularia (the ear fungi)

10. Ganoderma (Medicinal Mushroom)

11. Lentinus edodes ( S h i t a k e )

12. P leurotus spp. (Florida- Angel Mushroom)

13. P leurotus spp. ( A b a l o n e)

14. Black Oyster White Oyster Pink Oyster

15. Volvariella Volvacea (The Straw Mushroom)

16. Mushroom Life Cycle

17. Mushroom Tissue Culture and Cultivation

18. Nutrition Facts (per 100 grams*) of Volvariela: the Straw Mushroom Ascorbic acid Ash, gram Calcium mg. Fat g. Fiber g. Food Energy Cal. Iron mg. Moisture, % Niacin, mg. Phosphorous, mg. Protein, g. Riboflavin, mg. Thiamine, mg. Total carbohydrates 8.0 1.0 3.0 0.6 1.2 39 1.7 8 7 . 7 8.3 9 4 . 3.8 0.17 0.11 6.0 *Source: Food & Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) Handbook, 3 rd Edition 1964. Tropical Mushrooms Biological and Cultivation Method, 1983.

19. Volvariella Volvacea (The Straw Mushroom)

20. Small Bundles Gathering of dried banana leaves

21. 12 i n c h es 6 inches

22. Bundling

23. P r epara t ion for soaking Filling of water

24. Unloading of Soaked Substrate

25. Layering

26. Covering of Plastic for Incubation

27. Incubation Stage

28. J ac k e t i n g

29. 10 days Primordia Appearance

30. Spot Gathering of Harvestable Fruit

31. Cleaned fruit ready for market

32. 1. Bundled dry banana leaves (BDBL) or rice straw, 6 inches in diameter x 12 inches length 90 – bundled @ PhP.1.00/bundle PhP . 9 0.0 2. Spawns, 3-bags @ PhP20.00/bag 6 0.0 Cost and Return Analysis to obtain 225* kgs of Fresh Straw (Volvariella) Mushroom @ PhP.80.00 farm gate price that will translate into PhP. 10,071.00* monthly income of individual cooperators/growers A.Materials Needed for 1.0 ft. (width) x 2.0 ft. (height) x 3.00 meters (length) of mushroom bed:

33. 3. Plastic Sheets, plastic lining in sugar sack or fertilizer is the ideal, 1.00 kg can cover 10-meters bed length @ PhP25.00 per kilo, for 3.00 meter bed length 7.50 4. Pegs. 1-bamboo pole x 30 feet length @ PhP100.00 per pole=PhP3.33 per ft. x 10 ft. = Php33.33 divided by 4 split = PhP8.35 x 2 split/bed 16 . 7 2.0 String for ties (panali) e.g., plastic twine/straw Labor Cost, cooperator/grower’s equity -- Total Cost of Materials for 1-mushroom bed 176.20

34. B. Assumption: PhP. 400.00 1 76 .2 22 3 . 8 Least yield of 5.00 kgs/bed @ farm gate price of Php80.00 per kilo x 5.00 kgs. Less: Total Cost of Materials Net Profit per bed Return of Investment (ROI) 12 7 .01 % C. Basis for *Optional Monthly Income of Individual Cooperator/Growers Land Area No. of Bed Yield Gathered Gross Sales Less: Material Net Profit (PhP) ROI (sq. m.) (kgs) (P) Cost/Bed 225 45 225 18,000 7,929.00 10,071.00 127.01% 340 68 340 27,200 11,981.60 15,218.40 127.01% 450 90 450 36,000 15,858.00 20,142.00 127.01% 565 113 565 45,200 19,910.00 25,289.40 127.01%

35. C. Basis for *Optional Monthly Income of Individual Cooperator/Growers Land Area No. of Bed Yield Gathered Gross Sales Less: Material Net Profit (PhP) ROI (sq. m.) (kgs) (P) Cost/Bed 225 45 225 18,000 7,929.00 10,071.00 127.01% 340 68 340 27,200 11,981.60 15,218.40 127.01% 450 90 450 36,000 15,858.00 20,142.00 127.01% 565 113 565 45,200 19,910.00 25,289.40 127.01%

36. Volvariella Volcacea (The Straw Mushroom)

37. Scattering of rice straw for drying Stocking of dried rice straw

38. S o a k i ng

39. Composting

40. Soil digging/ cleaning Preparation of bed foundation Distribution of pre-soaked rice hull within bed foundation

41. Layering and mounting of hay molder

42. Piling of fermented rice straw for spawn planting

43. Pressing/compacting of rice straw

44. Spawn Broadcasting

45. Removal of hay molder

46. The bed was supported by pegs placed on both ends

47. Plastic covering of mushroom bed

48. Preparation of shed materials

49. Artificial Shading for Incubation

50. Ready for harvesting

51. Packaging

52. Mushroom Pizza

53. Mushroom Pickles

54. P leurotus spp. (Florida- Angel Mushroom)

55. Selection of young vigorous and healthy fruit

56. Culture Media Preparation

57. Inoculation of Tissue

58. Matured Tissue

59. Materials needed for oyster fruiting bag preparation Composted saw dust Weighing scale PP bag (6”x12”x0.03) Scrap paper Rubber band Scrap cotton PVC (1” dm. x ¾”)

60. Composting

61. Pre-composted substrate for oyster mushroom

62. Bagging of oyster fruiting bags for sterilization

63. Weighing at 1 kilogram per bag

64. Steaming/sterilization for 6 hours

65. Pre-heating of inoculating loops Breaking o f grains for isolation

66. Planting/isolation of pure culture into fruiting bags