Muzzle Attechments-1.powerpoint presentation

Various accesories for weapon at muzzle end

1. MUZZLE ATTACHEMENT

2. To acquaint the class with muzzle attachments, their function, utility & limitations . AIM

3. PREFACE Introduction Primary muzzle attachments Secondary muzzle attachments Other wpn. Ancillaries Conclusion

4. INTRODUCTION The component of weapon fitted at ME in order to enhance the positive aspects of weapon or reduce the negative tendencies of weapons Positive aspects…..???? Negative Tendencies….. ???? Accuracy, Effective range, Lethality, weight, muzzle blast, recoil

5. ADVANTAGES OF MUZZLE ATTACHMENT Enhances accuracy, Effectiveness of wpn. Usefulness of wpn. Reduce negative tendencies of the wpn .

6. TYPE OF MUZZLE ATTACHMENTS Primary Attachment Secondary Attachment

7. PRIMARY ATTACHMENTS Primary Muzzle Attachments are integral part of the weapon Affects the basic operation of weapon for the purpose of – Accurate firing Enhance the performance of wpn. Reduces the signature of wpn.

8. Examples are :- Flash hiders Muzzle brakes Compensator Recoil intensifier.

9. 1- FLASH HIDERS Integral part of the weapon. Fitted at ME. Reduce Flash. Reduce the signature of wpn.

10. ROLE OF FLASH HIDER Hide the flash during fire from 30% to 40% Its primary intent is to reduce the chances that the shooter will be blinded in low-light shooting conditions. Contrary to popular belief, it is only a minor secondary benefit if a flash suppressor reduces the intensity of the flash visible to the enemy. Control the jump Maintain Accuracy

11. WORKING PRINCIPLE W ork by breaking up and dispersing the gasses and burning particles that exit the barrel. This is achieved through a series of vents, slots, or prongs integrated into the design of the muzzle device. As the gasses and particles pass through the flash hider, they are dispersed across a larger surface area and mixed with cool ambient air. This rapid cooling and dilution reduce the intensity of the combustion resulting in a less visible muzzle flash. By effectively managing the combustion process, flash hiders help to minimize the visible signature of the firearm without affecting its performance or accuracy.

12. 12 TYPES OF FLASH Pre-flash Primary flash Intermediate flash Secondary flash Flash hider reduce the temp of expanding gases at muzzle to below ignition temp of burning gases, i.e. CO, H 2 and CH 4

13. 13 PRE-FLASH CAUSED BY THE HOT ESCAPED GASES PRIOR TO THE EXIT OF PROJECTILE Generally curbed by Physical Containment

14. 14 PRIMARY FLASH -ON BULLET EXIT -TEMP OF PROPELLANT GASES EMIT VISIBLE RADIATION MUZZLE GLOW -GASES RAPIDLY EXPAND AND COOL RESULTING IN A FAINT MUZZLE GLOW INTERMEDIATE FLASH GASES PASSING THROUGH MACH DISC RECOMPREESED RISE IN TEMP OF PRODUCES INTERMEDIATE FLASH SECONDARY FLASH - IN ARTY GUNS

15. 15 FLASH

16. TYPES OF FLASH HIDERS Conical type flash hider Slotted type flash hider Bar type flash hider

17. TYPES OF FLASH HIDERS

18. SHORTCOMINGS OF FLASH HIDER Loose, increase the dispersion of wpn. Cleaning is difficult Problem for mounting secondary attachments

19. 2- MUZZLE BRAKES

20. PRINCIPLE OF MUZZLE BRAKE Out flowing gases are deflected the brl . backward but muzzle brake generate a fwd thrust that partly counter the backward movement of brl /wpn.

21. FUNCTIONS OF MUZZLE BRAKE Reduce the recoil. Increase the accuracy. Comfortable to user. Reduce the wt. of wpn.

22. EFFECTIVENESS OF MUZZLE BRAKE Size and no. of baffles. Velocity of gases passing from muzzle. Mass of gases. Angle through which gases are deflected.

23. Based on design specifications MBs are segregated into 3 types – Open Muzzle Brakes Chamber Type Muzzle Brakes Hybrid Muzzle Brakes TYPES OF MUZZLE BRAKE

24. The Flat Baffle or Straight Port Style Muzzle Brake The Rear Angled Port Muzzle Brake OPEN MUZZLE BRAKES

25. TacFire .308 5/8X24 Compact Compensator Clamp on MBs for unthreaded barrels Open MBs on unidentified Arty Gun

26. CHAMBER TYPE MUZZLE BRAKES Side port Radial – Least effective Expansion chamber

27. Colt Competition AR-15 Muzzle Brake - 3 Expansion Chambers AR 15 3 side port Muzzle Brake

28. SilencerCo ASR AR-15 Muzzle Brake Available in 9 different threads pitchs and 7 calibres

29. HYBRID MUZZLE BRAKE Ruger precision rifle Hybrid MB Made in USA  reduces recoil by as much as 58% E quipped 5/8"-24 supports calibers muzzle threads Compatible - 308 Win, 6.5 Creedmoor, 243 Win, 6.5 Grendel, 300 Blackout, 7.62x39, 25-06, 7mm-08 Rem, 7mm Rem Mag, 7mm PRC, 6.5 PRC, and 300 Win Mag

30. MFT EvolV 3 Prong Ported Muzzle Brake - E2ARMD1 • For 5.56/.223 caliber • 2 port design for lateral gas dispersion aids in reducing recoil • 4 top port design aids in keeping the muzzle brake down • 3 prong design aids in directing gas and concussion forward and away from shooter

31. TYPE OF MUZZLE BRAKE APPX REDUCTION IN RECOIL 90° 25% 120° 40% FLASH HIDER ALONE 10%

32. DISADVANTAGES OF MUZZLE BRAKE Deflected gas comes back towards firer. More muzzle blast. No change in flash. Excessive stress. Dust obscuring the target.

33. 3. COMPENSATOR A compensator is a muzzle device designed to counter the vertical movement of the barrel and rightist tendency associated with auto wpn while firing burst.

34. A FACT TO DIGEST !! Compensators are essentially a type of muzzle brake that is designed to prevent muzzle jump and not just the rearward recoil impulse. -Josh Wayner (vide article “a Beginner’s Guide to Muzzle Brakes”)

35. 38 MUZZLE RISE-Why? The primary reason is in all firearms, the AOB is above the point of contact between the shooter and the wpn. grip & butt. Weapon with less height from the grip line to the AOB will experience less muzzle rise.

36. - Jump reduced - Right tendency reduced - Easy to fix bayonet - Protect threads for BFA Compensator Provided :- The design specifications of compensators are beyond the understanding of a common soldier.

37. ADVANCED MUZZLE BRAKES AK 74 40 AK 74 Muzzle Brake Cum Compensator Muzzle Brake Cum Flash Hider Of M16

38. 4. RECOIL INTENSIFIER Designed to increase the velocity of recoiling brl . by creating high pressure gas chamber at muzzle end Examples- MG3 GPMG

39. BENEFITS More energy & acceleration to recoiling Parts , hence more ROF. Smooth cycle of operation. No instances of lack of energy.

40. LIMITATIONS Increased wt. at ME . Unstable while holding in hands. Not ideal for hand held wpns like assault rifles & SMG etc .

41. SECONDARY ATTACHMENTS Secondary Attachments Increase the overall utility of wpn. and enable the wpn to fulfill a secondary role. It is not a integral part of weapon.

42. Example :- Silencers Grenade dischargers Bayonet, BFA, Laser aiming sights

43. SILENCER Silencer reduces the noise level in SA , Gases reduced in velocity to below the speed of sound . Gases are cooled, their pressure is reduced and exit velocity is lowered by baffles and vents . Also called as moderator or Noise suppressor ,

44. SILENCER

45. SILENCER

46. SILENCER

47. PURPOSE & DESIGN The level of Acaustic pressure og SA Noise ranges from 140 DB to 160 DB which exceeds thresold of pain by 10 DB to 30 DB Usually cylindrical with large expansion volume for the gases so as pressure & temp of prplt . gases is reduced. For max effect bullet velocity is reduced to below the velocity of sound. Generally added to the weapon through screwing at the ME.

48. DRAWBACKS Bullet performance and range is affected adversely. Problems in cycle of operation. Difficult to fire high power ammn . Weapon is made heavier & unbalanced.

49. FAST ATTACH SOUND SUPPRESSOR Produced by Heckler and Koch Made of Special high temp aero space alloys Fast attach mechanism allows the operator to switch between the suppressed and the un-suppressed mode Compatible with M16 rifle Wt is just 17 oz Length 7.5 inches Dia 1.5 inches

50. FAST ATTACH SOUND SUPPRESSOR

51. METHOD OF BLAST SUPPRESSION

52. MODERN HIGH VELOCITY RIFLE SUPPRESSOR

53. DISADVANTAGE OF SILENCERS Less MV Generally use for 9x19 mm caliber ammn Less effective range and less penetration power Wpn. not fit for conventional use Silencer life is quite limited.

54. ADVANTAGES OF SILENCERS Reduce sound , Completely reduce the flash , Act as muzzle brake and reduce the recoil , Light wt. compact & detachable ,

55. GRENADE DISCHARGERS Muzzle/ brl . attachments which helps to launch a grenade either directly from muzzle or from beneath the brl Beneath the barrel :- UBGL From the muzzle :- By use of HD cartridge

56. GRENADE DISCHARGERS

57. RIFLE GRENADE

58. RIFLE GRENADE

59. RIFLE GRENADE

60. BENEFITS It is used against the hidden enemy in the tranches , ditches , light shelters & behind the wall. A rifle grenade can be projected to a much greater distance than a hand grenade. RG can carry a larger , heavier payload than the HG

61. RG can effectively project a shaped charge warhead which can penetrate armor. More accurate than a HG Act as light mortar.

62. DISADVANTAGES Extra wt. on soldier. Accuracy and range limited. Restrict the fire in primary role. Separate type of amn . Special sight. Increase in recoil. Less lethal radius of grenade to make up for excess recoil and limited accuracy.

63. UBGL UNDER BARREL GRENADE LAUNCHER

64. UBGL UNDER BARREL GRENADE LAUNCHER UBGL’s are attachments to the Assault rifle A complete weapon in itself, with its own barrel, trigger/firing unit, safety and often its own sight as well Assault rifle is providing the stock for grenade launcher.

65. TYPE OF RLVs RLV-F RLV-TPM (Target Practice Marking) RLV-P RLV-TB (Thermobaric) RLV-AD (Anti Diver) RLV-SMOKE RLV-3RB (Rubber Batons)

66. RLV- STAR SIGNAL RS,WS,YS,GS RLV- ILLU RS,WS,YS,GS

67. RLV-CS RLV-HEDP RLV-S&F (sound and Flash) 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile Ben Corson Roger Stoughton

68. AK 74 RIFLE WITH GP-25 40MM UBGL

69. M 203 UBGL Compatible with M4 Carbine and M16 Rifles

70. 40MM GP 25

71. BAYONET

72. BENEFITS OF BAYONET CQB (Close Quarter Battle) Wire Cutter Rappelling Loop Bottle Opening Sc. Driver , Hammer Saw Electrically Insulated Handle

73. LIMITATIONS Useful only for the subsidiary role Barrel has to be ballistically strong so as to with stand the bending stresses More chances of missing the target Safe handling required on the part of user Fitting problems on most of the modern day Wpns .

74. BAYONET OF AKM MULTIPURPOSE

75. LASER AIMING SIGHT Laser Beam Emitting Sight Mounted At The Muzzle. Sight Is Generally Activated By The Pressing Of Trigger And Thus Help In Quick Aiming And Shooting In Emergent Situation.

76. TYPES OF LAS IR laser aiming device-dot shape beam mark the tgt with IR dot. Suitable NVD reqd. for accurate shooting. Visible LAS -emit red / Green color dot which mark the tgt. No separate NVD reqd.

77. LASER AIMING SIGHT LAKSHYA Being developed at OFD MOR Sight

78. BFA Use with blank amn . Allowing automatic cycle of operation During training AKM

79. CONCLUSION

80. THANK YOU