Mydriatics & cycloplegics

mydriatics & cycloplegics class / power point presentation for O.A student 2nd year of SCEH, LAHAN,NEPAL

1. Mydriatics & Cycloplegics : Defination , Mechanism of action, indications,contraindications , side effects SCEH, Lahan .

2. Defination Mydriatics are the group of drugs that are used for dilatation of pupil. :: detail fundus examination. Cycloplegics are drugs that are used for dilatation as well as for paralysing sphincter muscle. Detailed fundus examination, cycloplegic refraction.

3. Classification Natural alkaloids :Atropine, Hyoscine (Scopolamine). Semi synthetic : Homatropine . Synthetic : Mydriatics : Cyclopentolate , Tropicamide . Antisecretory - antispasmodics : Dicyclomine Antiparkinsonism : Dicyclomine

4. ATROPINE Mechanism of action : block actions of Acetylcholine on autonomic effectors & in the CNS via muscarinic receptor. Topical instillation causes Mydriasis Abolition of light reflex Cycloplegics (lasts for 7-10 days). Mild anaesthetic action on the cornea .

5. ATROPINE Has effect in other parts of our body : CNS, CVS, GI, Smooth muscle, glands.

6. ATROPINE : Indications Mydriasis , detailed fundus examination and cycloplegic refraction. Inflammatory condition : Uveitis, corneal ulcer, endophthalmitis . Breaks synechiae , relieves ciliary spasm Used in glaucoma but only in neovascular & malignant glaucoma.

7. ATROPINE : Side effects Photophobia. Blurring of vision .

8. ATROPINE : Contraindication Acute congestive Glaucoma .

9. Mydriatics Tropicamide : potent and quickest of all mydriatics drugs (lasts for 6 hours). Tropicamide with phenylephrine : faster and more potent. Cyclopentolate : potent drug and works for 2-3 days after instillation .

10. Indications Mydriasis , detailed fundus examination and cycloplegic refraction. Inflammatory condition : Uveitis, corneal ulcer, endophthalmitis . Breaks synechiae , relieves ciliary spasm Used in glaucoma but only in neovascular & malignant glaucoma .

11. Side effects Photophobia. Blurring of vision.

12. Contraindication Acute congestive Glaucoma

13. Thank you