Nahawand

1. Iraq and PersiaIraq and Persia
سراف و قارعلا حوتفسراف و قارعلا حوتف

2. Nahawand (Nehavend)Nahawand (Nehavend)
•Omar ordered Muslims to stop at Zagarus
Mountains
•Yazdajred gathers his forces in the
mountainous city of Nahawand. 150,000
fighters led by Fairuzan.
•Omar decides to fight a decisive battle.

3. Nahawand (Nehavend)Nahawand (Nehavend)
•Omar ordered Muslims to gather and march to
Nahawand:
–Al-Numan bin Mukren: General Commander
–Huzayfa bin Al-Yaman: Commander of Kufa soldiers
–Abu-Musa Al-Ash’ari: Commander of Basra soldiers
–Abdullah bin Omar: Commander of Al-Muhajirin and
Ansar
•30,000 fighters.

4. 20
th
Hijra
642 AD CE

5. 20
th
Hijra
642 AD CE
Al-Numaan bin Mukren
Abu Musa Al-Ash’ari
Huzayfa bin Al-Yaman
Abdullah bin Omar

6. 20
th
Hijra
642 AD CE
Al-Numaan bin Mukren
Abu Musa Al-Ash’ari
Huzayfa bin Al-Yaman
Abdullah bin Omar

7. 20
th
Hijra
642 AD CE

8. Hurmuzan fortified
Nahawand well

9. Hurmuzan fortified
Nahawand well

10. Attempts to break in
are futile

11. Attempts to break in
are futile

12. Tulayha comes up
with a plan

13. Al-Qua’qua’
Al-Numan

14. Al-Qua’qua’
Al-Numan

15. Al-Qua’qua’
Al-Numan

16. Al-Qua’qua’
Al-Numan

17. Al-Qua’qua’
Al-Numan

18. Al-Qua’qua’
Al-Numan

19. Al-Numan

20. Al-Numan

21. Al-Numan

22. Al-Numan

23. Al-Numan

24. Al-Numan

25. Al-Numan

26. Al-Numan

27. Al-Numan

28. Al-Numan

29. Al-Numan is martyred

30. Al-Numan is martyred

31. Rest of Persia
•Al-Ahnaf convinses Omar to continue the
advance until Yazdajred is defeated and
the Persian Empire is finished.
•Nahawand was a key victory.

32. Hamadan
22 H
Rayy
22 H
Azerbaijan
22 H
Quizvin
Al-Bab
22 H
Khurasan
22 H

33. Omar’s Conquests

34. Effect of Islam on ConquestsEffect of Islam on Conquests
•The values and meanings of Al-Jihad
•The influence of Quran on the Muslim
soldier

35. Jihad is rewarded by Allah SWT
•because nothing could they suffer
or do, but was reckoned to their
credit as a deed of
righteousness, - whether they
suffered thirst, or fatigue, or
hunger, in the Cause of Allah, or
trod paths to raise the ire of the
Unbelievers, or received any
injury whatever from an enemy -
for Allah suffereth not the reward
to be lost of those who do good.
•Nor could they spend anything
(for the Cause) - small or great -
nor cut across a valley, but the
deed is inscribed to their credit;
that Allah may requite their deed
with the best (possible reward).
•Al-Tawba 9:120-121

36. Jihad is the Profitable Trade
•[10] O ye who believe! Shall I
lead you to a bargain that will
save you from a grievous
Penalty?
•[11] That ye believe in Allah
and His Messenger, and that
ye strive (your utmost) in the
Cause of Allah, with your
property and your persons:
that will be best for you, if ye
but knew!
•[12] He will forgive you your
sins, and admit you to
Gardens beneath which rivers
flow, and to beautiful mansions
in Gardens of Eternity: that is
indeed the supreme
Achievement.
•Al-Saf 61:10-12

37. Jihad is Certain VictoryJihad is Certain Victory
•Say: "Can you expect for
us (any fate) other than
one of two glorious things
(martyrdom or victorymartyrdom or victory)?
But we can expect for you
either that Allah will send
His punishment from
Himself, or by our hands.
So wait (expectant); we
too will wait with you.“
•Al-Tawba 9:52

38. Martyrdom is Eternal LifeMartyrdom is Eternal Life
•[169] Think not of those who
are slain in Allah's Way as
dead. Nay, they live, finding
their sustenance in the
Presence of their Lord;
•[170] They rejoice in the
Bounty provided by Allah: and
with regard to those left
behind, who have not yet
joined them (in their bliss), the
(Martyrs) glory in the fact that
on them is no fear, nor have
they (cause to) grieve.
•[171] They glory in the Grace
and the Bounty from Allah, and
in the fact that Allah suffers not
the reward of the Faithful to be
lost (in the least).
•Al-Umran 3:169-171

39. The High Goal of JihadThe High Goal of Jihad
•74] Let those fight in the cause of Allah who sell the life of this world for the Hereafter, To him who fights
in the cause of Allah - whether he is slain or gets victory - soon shall We give him a reward of great
(value).
•[75] And why should you not fight in the cause of Allah and of those who, being weak, are ill-treated
(and oppressed)? Men, women, and children, whose cry is: "Our Lord! rescue us from this town, whose
people are oppressors; and raise for us from thee one who will protect; and raise for us from thee one
who will help!
•[76] Those who believe fight in the cause of Allah, and those who reject Faith fight in the cause of Evil:
so fight ye against the friends of Satan: feeble indeed is the cunning of Satan. An-Nisa 4:74-76

40. The Way of Allah in ConquestsThe Way of Allah in Conquests
•1- Preparedness:
•[60] Against them make ready
your strength to the utmost of
your power, including steeds of
war, to strike fear into (the
hearts of) the enemies of Allah
and your enemies, and others
besides, whom you may not
know, but whom Allah does
know. Whatever you shall
spend in the Cause of Allah,
shall be repaid unto you, and
you shall not be treated
unjustly.
•Al-Anfal 8:60

41. The Way of Allah in ConquestsThe Way of Allah in Conquests
•2- Tests and Trials:
•214] Or do ye think that ye
shall enter the Garden (of
Bliss) without such (trials) as
came to those who passed
away before you? They
encountered suffering and
adversity, and were so shaken
in spirit that even the
Messenger and those of faith
who were with him cried:
"When (will come) the help of
Allah" ah! verily, the help of
Allah is (always) near!
•Al-Baqara 2:214
•(Battle of Al-Jisr, like Uhud
before)

42. The Way of Allah in ConquestsThe Way of Allah in Conquests
•3- Tyrants and
Transgressors’ end:
•[100] These are some of the stories of
communities, which We relate unto
you: of them some are still standing,
and some have been mown down (by
the sickle of time).
•[101] It was not that We wronged
them: they wronged their own souls:
the deities, other than Allah, whom
they invoked, profited them no whit
when there issued the decree of your
Lord: nor did they add aught (to their
lot) but perdition!
•[102] Such is the chastisement of your
Lord when He chastises communities
in the midst of their wrong: grievous,
indeed, and severe is His
chastisement !
•Hud 11:100-102

43. The Way of Allah in ConquestsThe Way of Allah in Conquests
•4- Sinners’ end:
•6] See they not how many of
those before them We did
destroy? - Generations We
had established on the earth,
in strength such as We have
not given to you - for whom we
poured out rain from the skies
in abundance, and gave
(fertile) streams flowing
beneath their (feet): Yet for
their sins We destroyed
them, and raised in their wake
fresh generations (to succeed
them).
• Al-An’am 6:6

44. The Way of Allah in ConquestsThe Way of Allah in Conquests
•4- Sinners’ end:
•6] See they not how many of
those before them We did
destroy? - Generations We
had established on the earth,
in strength such as We have
not given to you - for whom we
poured out rain from the skies
in abundance, and gave
(fertile) streams flowing
beneath their (feet): Yet for
their sins We destroyed
them, and raised in their wake
fresh generations (to succeed
them).
• Al-An’am 6:6

45. The Way of Allah in ConquestsThe Way of Allah in Conquests
•5- Change starts in
the Hearts of
believers:
•11] For each (such person)
there are (angels) in
succession. Before and behind
him: they guard him by
command of Allah. Verily Verily
never will Allah change the never will Allah change the
condition of a people until condition of a people until
they change it themselves they change it themselves
(with their own souls).(with their own souls). But
when (once) Allah wills a
people's punishment, there can
be no turning it back, nor will
they find, besides Him, any to
protect.
• Al-Ra’d 13:11

46. Did Islam spread by the Sword?Did Islam spread by the Sword?
•Islamic FactsIslamic Facts: No compulsion in : No compulsion in
Religion (2:256)Religion (2:256)
•Historical FactsHistorical Facts: Protection of other : Protection of other
religions under Islamic rule. Large religions under Islamic rule. Large
Christian and Jewish communities Christian and Jewish communities
flourished under Islamic rule. flourished under Islamic rule.
Historical documents and treaties. Historical documents and treaties.
•Common Sense FactsCommon Sense Facts: Largest : Largest
Muslim population in countries not Muslim population in countries not
conquered militarily. conquered militarily.
Fact remains that people were attracted to Islam because of the Fact remains that people were attracted to Islam because of the
message of fairness and mercy, contrasted with the tyranny of message of fairness and mercy, contrasted with the tyranny of
their rulestheir rules.

47. Omar’s Genius in LeadershipOmar’s Genius in Leadership
•Choosing Leaders and Commanders.
•Sticking to the way of Allah.
•Preserving the rights of commanders.
•Preserving the rights of soldiers
•Protecting the borders: Posts روغثلا
•Establishing Islamic Da’wa: Masajid

48. Results of Omar’s Conquest Policy
•Eliminating Sasanian Persian Empire and its
danger, and containing the Byzantine Empire
•Establishing the Muslim Umma and a new
world power and a force to be reckoned with.
•Establishing a new kind of leadership, the
world did not know before:
–JUSTICE
–EQUALITY
–RULING ACCORDING TO THE LAW OF ALLAH