Nanorobotics

Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale.
The technology of creating machines or robots at or close to the microscopic scale of a nanometer (10−9 meters).

1. NANOROBOTICS PRESENTED BY : ASHRAFUL HODA a [email protected]

2. Presentation Overview Nanotechnology Introduction to Robotics Nanorobotics Approaches Applications of Nanorobots Fractal Robots Conclusion

3. Nanotechnology Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. More simply, building things one atom or molecule at a time with programmed nanoscopic robot arms. A nanometer is one billionth of a meter (3 - 4 atoms wide).

4. Introduction to robotics Robotics  is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, development and application of robots and computer systems for their control, and information processing.  These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans

5. What is a Robot? A  robot  is a mechanical or virtual artificial agent, usually an electro-mechanical machine that is guided by a computer program or electronic circuitry.  They range from small, miniature machines, to large crane size constructions.

6. Introduction to Nanorobotics The technology of creating machines or robots at or close to the microscopic scale of a nanometer (10 −9 meters). A robot that allows precision interactions with nanoscale objects, or can manipulate with nanoscale resolution.

7. Researches done Largely in the research-and-development phase (Target year 2050). Some primitive molecular machines have been tested.

8. Theory behind Nanobots As robots can perform certain functions that humans cannot, thus why not have a microscopic robot performing microscopic tasks? Necessary for very large numbers of them to work together to perform microscopic and macroscopic tasks.

9. Features of Nanorobots Nanorobots can be categorized into two groups called autonomous & insect robots. A major asset of nanorobots is that they require very little energy to operate. Durability is another potential asset, may remain operational for years. High speed is also a significant consideration.

10. Approaches Biochip Nubot Bacteria based Organic Inorganic

11. Biochip Microarray, the dense, two-dimensional grid of biosensors, is the critical component of a biochip platform Microarrays can be used for DNA, protein, chemical compound and antibody analysis

12. Nubot Also known as “DNA machine”. A DNA machine is a molecular machine constructed from DNA. Similar double helix structure like the DNA strands.

13. Bacteria based Uses a flagellum for propulsion purposes. Use similar mechanisms as the biological microorganisms.

14. Application of Nanobots Medical technology, where they might be used to identify cancer cells and destroy them. Detection of toxic chemicals and the measurement of concentrations in the environment. For Space Application.

15. Nanorobots in medicine It’s structure will have two spaces consisting of interior and exterior. They will communicate with doctor by encoding messages to acoustic signals. Technological advancements such as bionic motors, DNA as computer, & nano robotics arms. Leonard Adleman confirmed that DNA is programmable in computers.

16. Nanorobots can be used in blood cell to detect pathogens.

17. Nanobot in medicine Early diagnosis and targeted drug delivery for cancer, biomedical instrumentation, surgery, etc. Employ nanobots injected into the patient to perform treatment on a cellular level. Improve the presence of drug molecules where they are needed in the body.

18. Removal of Cancer

19. Fractal Robots Fractal robot is a new kind of robot made from motorized cubic bricks that move under computer control. These cubic motorized bricks can be programmed to move and shuffle themselves to change shape to make objects likes a house potentially in a few seconds because of their motorized internal mechanisms.

20. Fractal Robot Example Example of a Dog shaped fractal robot changing into a couch.

21. SELF-REPAIR IN FRACTAL ROBOTS. Self repair is an important breakthrough for realizing micro and nanotechnology related end goals. Three different kinds of self repair -Cube replacement -Usage of plates to construct the cubes. -Using smaller fractal machines to affect self repair inside large cubes.

22. Walking fractal robot performing self repair

23. Advantages of inorganic nanobots Well-understood component behavior. Easy to program. Ease of external control. Unlimited chemistry (with enough energy).

24. Disadvantages of inorganic nanobots Difficult and expensive to make self-reproducing. Difficulty of communicating with organic systems must carry own (limited) payload.

25. Advantages of organic nanobots Easy to make using genetic engineering. Self-reproducing (cheap). Easily communicate with other organic systems. Protein factories manufacture payload.

26. Disadvantages of organic nanobots Poorly understood component behavior (proteins). Hard to program. Limited external control mechanisms. Limited to CHON chemistry and needs water.

27. Conclusions All of the current developments in technology directs human a step closer to nanorobots production. Nanorobots can theoretically destroy all common diseases of the 20 th century, thereby ending much of the pain and suffering. Although research into nanorobots is in its preliminary stages, the promise of such technology is endless.

28. THANKS Any Questions?