Napoleonic age

1. •Bell Ringer
•GREEN BOOK PAGE 139
•A VIEW OF NAPOLEON’S CHARACTER

2. Napoleonic Age

3. •“Under Robespierre blood was spilled and
we had bread. Now blood is no longer
spilled and we have no bread. Perhaps we
must spill some blood in order to have
bread.”
»Quote of peasants 1795

4. Napoleon rise to fame
•Help put down uprising Vs.
Directory
•Directory struggled
•Continued to fight war vs 1
st

coalition
•Directory worried people would
want a military man to advanced to
power
•Napoleon sent to Egypt
•Ability to move troops and use of
artillery was major strength
–Forced Austria to give up Northern Italy

5. The Egyptian Campaign:
–To weaken the British trade with India
–1798 was defeated by a British navy under
Admiral Horatio Nelson, who destroyed the
French fleet at the Battle of the Nile.
–Abandoning his troops in Egypt, Napoleon
returned to France and received a hero’s
welcome!

7. •Exaggerated claims of victory in Egypt
•France was losing war vs 1
st
coalition
•England had organized the 2
nd
Coalition with
Austria and Russia.
•People lost faith in Directory
•With the government in disarray, Napoleon
launched a successful coup d’ etat on
November 9, 1799.

8. •How would things
be different if the
people of France
found out that he
had lost?

9. •“I found the
crown of
France on the
ground and I
picked it up
with my
sword!”

10. AGE OF NAPOLEON
•1799-1814
•Agreed with ideals of Revolution
•People must follow orders from leader

11. Consulate
•He proclaimed himself “First Consul”
[Julius Caesar’s title] and did away with
the elected Assembly [appointing a
Senate instead].
•Two other consuls under him
–In 1802, he made himself sole “Consul for
Life.”

12. •New consulate was submitted to the
people in a plebiscite
–People vote yes or no
–Cannot make changes
•People voted for new government

13. What did Napoleon do for France
•Napoleonic Code
•Bank of France
•Educational System
•Concordat of 1801
•Broke up 2
nd
coalition
•Why would the people of France love a
Dictator?

15. Plebiscite of 1804

16. •People vote for an
Empire
•Need an Emperor to rule
•Napoleon become
Emperor Napoleon I

17. •Not everyone happy with France Empire
•England was very upset
•France threaten the British commerce
,and control of the sea and its own empire

18. •Third Coalition formed by Britain, Austria
Russia and others
•Napoleon decides to take out British fleet
and invade England

19. Battle of Traflagar
•British lead by Admiral
Horatio Nelson
•England out numbered
33-27
•“Duty or Death”
•French losses 22
•British loses 0
•Kept France from
invading England

23. Continental system
•Destroy British trade set up blockade of
England
•Britain turns around and blockades France
•US caught in middle

25. •Napoleon wipes out the 3
rd
Coalition by
defeating Russia and Austria at Austerlitz
in December of 1805

26. Reorganization of Europe
•Redraws map of Europe
–Austria and Prussia forced to sigh peace treaty
–Russia allied with France
–Control of Netherlands and Spain
–Forced Denmark and Papal States into alliance
–Took German States into Confederation of the
Rhine
–Abolished Holy Roman Empire
–Unified north Italy
•He ended serfdom and brought ideas of
French Revolution

28. •Brought something more dangerous to
Napoleon.
•NATIONALISM!!!!!!
•How is Nationalism
Dangerous?

29. Peninsular Wars
•1807 Portugal Refused to obey Continental
System
•France sent in troops
•France also took over Spain
•Put Brother in charge of Spain
•People oppose Napoleon
•Britain sends Arthur Wellesley (Duke of
Wellington)
•Drains French Resources

31. Russia
•1812 Czar Alexander I Russia starts up
trade with Britain
•Napoleon calls up 600,000 troops
•In spring of 1812 starts to invade Russia
•Russia’s strategy
–Retreat
–Scorched Earth Policy

32. •By fall conquered Moscow
•No one there
•No place to stay
•Temps 30 below zero

33. •October 19 1812 start return home
•Tough trip back home
•Only 100,000 troops make it back
•Monarchies break alliance with Napoleon

35. Defeats
•4
th
Coalition
•England, Russian Prussian and Austria
•At battle of Leipzig French defeated
•By March 1814 allies surround Paris
•Bad to worse
•Napoleon sent to Elba and Louis XVIII put
in charge (brother to Louis XVI)

37. Hundred days
•People hate Louis rule (absolute power)
•Undoes changes of Napoleon
•Napoleon escapes island
•March 1
st
1815 meets army of Louis XVIII
on the Alps
•March 20
th
Napoleon reaches Paris
•Rules for 100 days
•England and Europe unhappy
•Napoleon will try to destroy coalition
before it can get organized

38. •Battle of Waterloo
•Defeated by Duke of Wellington and the
Prussians
•Sent to the island of St. Helena
•Dies in 1821