Nasal Decongestants.pdf

Nasal Decongestants: types, complete discussion on indications, contraindications, assessment, patient notes and examples of decongestants

1. Dr. KRVS Chaitanya





NASAL
DECONGESTANTS
Dr. Koppala RVS Chaitanya
Department of Pharmacology

2. Dr. KRVS Chaitanya

NASAL DECONGESTANTS

Decongestants are a type of medicine that can provide short-term relief for a blocked or
stuffy nose (nasal congestion).
They can help ease the symptoms of conditions such as colds and flu, hay fever and other
allergic reactions, catarrh and sinusitis.
They work by reducing the swelling of the blood vessels in your nose, which helps to open
the airways.
Examples include pseudoephedrine (sometimes called by the brand name Sudafed).
Used to ease the symptoms of conditions such as
 Cold
 Flu
 Hay fever
 Allergic reaction
 Cattish
 Sinusitis
Classification:
Short acting (topical)
 Phenylephrine (α)
 Phenylpropanolamine (α)
Long acting (orally)
 Ephedrine (α)
 Pseudoephedrine (α)
 Naphazoline (α)
Long acting (orally/topical)
 Xylometazoline (α)
 Oxymetazoline (α)
 Beclomethasone (steroid)
 Flunisolide (steroid)
Formulations:
 Nasal spray
 Drops
 Tablets or capsules

3. Dr. KRVS Chaitanya

 Liquids or syrups
 Flavoured powders
Contraindications:
 Polypharmacy
 Diabetes
 High blood pressure
 Hyperthyroidism
 Enlarged prostate
 Liver failure
 Kidney failure
 Heart failure
 Circulation failure
 Glaucoma.
Side effects associated with children
 Feeling sleepy
 Irritation of nose
 Headaches
 Feeling or being sick
 Dry mouth
 Feeling restless or agitated
 Rash
 Hallucinations
 Anaphylaxis