NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL PROGRAMME-1.pptxggshsnjdj

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1. NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL PROGRAMME HIV is caused by a virus. HIV ( human immunodeficiency virus ) is a virus that attacks cells that help the body fight infection , making a person more vulnerable to other infections and diseases. It can spread through sexual contact, illicit injection drug use or sharing needles, contact with infected blood, or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding . HIV destroys CD4 T cells — white blood cells that play a large role in helping your body fight disease.

2. symptoms of HIV infection may show up within two to four weeks of exposure to HIV , and can include: Fever Swollen glands Sore throat Night sweats Muscle aches Headache Extreme tiredness (fatigue) Rash

3. Diagnosis of AIDS Blood tests are the most common way to diagnose the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) , the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). These tests look for antibodies to the virus that are present in the blood of infected individuals. People exposed to the virus should get tested immediately.

4. National AIDS Control Programme was launched in India in the year 1987 . The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has set up National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) as a separate wing to implement and closely monitor the various components of the programme . The aim of the programme is to prevent further transmission of HIV, to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection and to minimize the socio- eonomic impact resulting from HIV infection.

5. The milestones of the programme 1986 - First case of HIV detected. - AIDS Task Force set up by the ICMR. - National AIDS Committee established under the Ministry of Health. 1990 - Medium Term Plan launched for four states and the four metros. 1992 - NACP-1 launched to slow down the spread of HIV infection. - National AIDS Control Board constituted. - NACO set-up. 1999 - NACP-II begins, focussing on behaviour change, increased decentralization and NGO involvement. - State AIDS Control Societies established.

6. 2002 - National AIDS Control Policy adopted. - National Blood Policy adopted. 2004 - Anti-retroviral treatment initiated. 2006 - National Council on AIDS constituted under chairmanship of the Prime Minister. - National Policy on Paediatric ART formulated. 2007 - NACP-III launched for 5 years (2007-2012). 2014- NACP-IV launched for 5 years (2012-2017). 2017 - National Strategic Plan for HIV/AIDS and STDs 2017- 2024

7. NATIONAL STRATEGY Establishment of surveillance centres to cover the whole country; identification of high-risk group and their screening; Issuing specific guidelines for management of detected cases and their follow-up; 3. Formulating guidelines for blood bank, blood product manufacturers, blood donors and dialysis units; 4. IEC activities and control of sexually transmitted diseases; and condom programme .

8. Term Plan (1990- 92), NACP-1 (1992-99), NACP-II (1999- 2006) and NACP- lll (2007-2012). Based on the lessons learnt and achievements made in Phase I, II and Ill. India developed the Fourth National Programme Implementation Plan (NACP- IV, 2012- 2017). The package of services under NACP-IV are

9. 1. Prevention services includes: -Targeted interventions for high-risk groups, -Needle-syringe exchange programme and opioid substitution therapy for IDUs. - Prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections/reproductive tract infections. HIV counselling and testing services. Prevention of parent to child transmission. Condom promotion.

10. 2. Care, support and treatment services : - Laboratory services for CD4 testing and other investigations - Free first-line and second-line Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) through ART centres and Link ART Centres (LACs), Centres of Excellence ( CoE ) and ART plus centres . Paediatric ART for children. - Early infant diagnosis for HIV exposed infants and children below 18 months. - Nutritional and psycho-social support through Care and Support Centres (CSC).

11. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE The National AIDS Control Organization ( NACO ) is presently established as a division under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare , headed by the Additional Secretary, Ministry of Health and Director General, NACO Govt. of India. The technical divisions are headed by officers at the level of Deputy Director General/DGHS. The finance division is headed by Director-Finance while Admin and Procurement is headed by the Joint Secretary, Ministry of Health.

12. Country scenario Group I High Prevalence States : includes states of Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka , Andhra Pradesh, Manipur and Nagaland where the HIV infection has crossed 5 per cent mark in high-risk group and 1 % or more in antenatal women. Group II Moderate Prevalence States : includes states of Gujarat, Goa and Puducherry where HIV infection has crossed 5% or more among high risk groups but the infection is below 1 % in antenatal women. Group Ill Low Prevalence States : includes remaining states where the HIV infection in any of the high risk groups is still less than 5% and is less than 1 % among antenatal women.

13. HIV SURVEILLANCE The types of surveillance are : (a) HIV Sentinel Surveillance (b) HIV Sero - Surveillance (c) AIDS Case Surveillance, (d) STD Surveillance (e) Behavioural Surveillance, and (f) Integration with surveillance of other diseases like tuberculosis etc.

14. HIV SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE: 1. To determine the level of HIV infection among general population as well as high-risk groups in different states; 2. To understand the trends of HIV epidemic among general population as well as high-risk groups in different states; 3. To understand the geographical spread of HIV infection and to identify emerging pockets; 4. To provide information for prioritization of programme resources and evaluation of programme impact; and 5. To estimate HIV prevalence and HIV burden in the country. BY 2016-17 the HIV SENTINEL SURVEILLANCE Sites- 1323

15. Counselling and HIV testing services The Basic Service Division of the department of AIDS control provides HIV counselling and testing services for HIV infection. The national programme is offering these services since 1997 with the goal to identify as many people living with HIV, as early as possible (after acquiring the HIV infection), and linking them appropriately and in a timely manner to prevention, care and treatment services. The HIV counselling and testing services include the following components: 1. Integrated Counselling and Testing Centres ( ICTC ). 2 . Prevention of parent-to-child transmission of HIV ( PPTCT ). 3 . HIV/tuberculosis collaborative activities.

16. Integrated Counselling and Testing Centers (ICTC): Functions of ICTC include early detection of HIV, provision of basic information on modes of transmission and prevention of HIV/AIDS for promoting behavioral change and reducing vulnerability, and linking PLHIV with other HIV prevention, care and treatment services. The ICTC have been classified into two types: Fixed facility ICTC and Mobile ICTC .

17. Fixed facility ICTCs are located within an existing healthcare facility/hospital/health centre , and are of two types - Standalone ICTC and Facility-integrated counselling and testing centres . Standalone ICTC (SA-ICTC): The client load is high in these centres , with full-time counsellor & laboratory technician who provide HIV counselling and testing services. SA-ICTC are located in medical colleges, district hospitals, sub-district hospitals, CHCs etc.

18. Facility-integrated counselling and testing centres (F-ICTCs): Considering the need for rapid scale-up and sustainability of HIV counselling and testing services, the F-ICTCs have been set up below the block levels at 24 x 7 PHC, etc. Staff of the existing health facilities are trained in counselling and testing services of HIV.

19. Mobile ICTC: Mobile counselling and testing centre is a van with a room to conduct general examination , counselling and space for collection and processing blood samples by a team of paramedical healthcare providers (a health educator/ANM, counsellor and laboratory technician). Mobile ICTC are set up as temporary clinics in hard-to-reach areas with flexible working hours and provide a wide range of services like counseling and testing services for HIV, syndromic management of STI/ RTI and other minor ailments, along with regular health check-ups, antenatal, immunization services etc