NATIONAL FWP.pptx presentation ppt of FWP

National

1. SOCIAL PREVENTIVE PHARMACY TOPIC: NATIONAL FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME PRESENTED BY: LAKSHIYA K GOWTHAMI G

2. METHODS OF FAMILY PLANNING:

3. I. Spacing methods 1. Barrier methods (a) Physical methods (b) Chemical methods (c) Combined methods 2. Intra-uterine devices 3. Hormonal methods 4. Post-conceptional methods 5. Miscellaneous. II. Terminal methods Male sterilization Female sterilization.

4. PHYSICAL METHODS

5. PHYSICAL METHODS Condom Condom is the most widely known and used barrier device by the males around the world. In India, it is better known by its trade name NIRODH. Condom is receiving new attention today as an effective, simple "spacing" method of contraception, without side effects. In addition to preventing pregnancy, condom protects both men and women from sexually transmitted diseases. Female condom The female condom is a pouch made of polyurethane, which lines the vagina. An internal ring in the close end of the pouch covers the cervix and an external ring remains outside the vagina. It is prelubricated with silicon, and a spermicide need not be used. It is an effective barrier to STD infection. However, high cost and acceptability are major problems.

6. Diaphragm The diaphragm is a vaginal barrier. Also known as "Dutch cap'\ the diaphragm is a shallow cup made of synthetic rubber or plastic material. It ranges in diameter from 5-10 cm (2-4 inches). It has a flexible rim made of spring or metal. It is important that a woman be fitted with a diaphragm of the proper size. The diaphragm holds the spermicide over the cervix. Vaginal sponge Another barrier device employed for hundreds of years is the sponge soaked in vinegar or olive oil, but it is only recently one has been commercially marketed in USA under the trade name TODAY for the sole purpose of preventing conception. It is a small polyurethane foam sponge measuring 5 cm x 2.5 cm, saturated with the spermicide, nonoxynol-9. The sponge is far less effective than the diaphragm, but it is better than nothing. The failure rate in parous women is between 20 to 40 per 100 women-years and in nulliparous women about 9 to 20 per 100 women years.

7. b. CHEMICAL METHODS a) Foams: foam tablets, foam aerosols b) Creams, jellies and pastes squeezed from a tube c) Suppositories inserted manually, and d) Soluble films - C-film inserted manually . C. COMBINED DEVICES Using chemical contraceptives with condoms is known as combined devices or method. It provides deep and double protection against pregnancy

8. 2. Intra-uterine devices Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices are the ones, which are placed in the uterus and provide protection from pregnancy: of these devices is an ancient method. Intra-uterine devices available today can be divided into two groups. 1. Non-Medicated - e.g. Lippe's loop 2. Medicated - e.g. Copper T.

9. Types of IUCDs Some important devices (IUCDs) are discussed here: Lippe's Loop Copper – T: Copper - T-200, Tcu - 380 A, Tcu - 220 C, Nova T, M2 Cu – 250, ML - Cu 375 & 250 Progestasert T Shaped Device Insertion of IUCD Loop can be fitted at any time except the pregnancy, during reproductive age . Also Copper T should be inserted, 6-8 weeks after the pregnancy. Before that the body might expel it. It should not be inserted during menstrual period.

10. Advantages of IUCD Inexpensive, easy to use and can be inserted in minimum time. Effective contraceptive. Fertility can be restored after the removal of Copper-T / loop. Free from any harmful effects like those of hormonal devices. Can be used up to 10 years (maximum). Doesn't require continuous supervision. Disadvantages of IUDS Spontaneous expulsion of Copper-T / Loop. Pain and bleeding. Ectopic pregnancy. Infection and ailments of pelvis Perforation of uterus.

11. 3. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES Hormonal contraceptives when properly used are the most effective spacing methods of contraception. Oral contraceptives of the combined type are almost 100 per cent effective in preventing pregnancy. Classification Hormonal contraceptives currently in use and/or under study may be classified as follows : A. Oral pills 1. Combined pill 2. Minipill 3. Post-coital pill 4. Weekly pill 5. Long term / Monthly pill 6. ECPs B. Depot (slow release} formulations 1. Injectable 2. Subcutaneous implants 3. Vaginal rings

12. Oral Pills Popularity of pills can be gauged from the fact that 65 million people in the world and more than 10 million women in India use pills. These are available in various combinations. Mixed Pills It includes both oestrogen and progestogen. This pill is to be taken orally from 5th day of menstrual cycle to 21st day, continuously. After this, there is a break or rest period of 7 days, during which the cycle begins again. The day bleeding starts, is considered to be the first day of next menstrual cycle. Mala-N : Norethisterone acetate + Ethynyl oestradiol . Mala-D :D Norgestrol + Ethynyl Oestradiol .

13. DEPOT (SLOW RELEASE)FORMULATIONS :

14. TERMINATION METHODS :

15. MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES Specific Objectives - Promotion of reproductive health Promotion of physical & physiological development of child within family Reduction of morbidity and mortality rates for mothers and children Subareas - Maternal Health Family Planning School Health Child Health Handicapped Children Care of children in special settings like Day care centres   Targets of MCH Services- Current IMR- 52.3 (2008) Current MMR- 254(2008)

16. REPRODUCTIVE & CHILD HEALTH Reproductive & Child Health Programme phase I was launched in the year 1997 Phase II was launched on 1 ST April 2005 Aimed at improving health status of young women & children Components of RCH phase 1- family planning, CSSM, client approach to health care, prevention & management of RTI & STD

17. MAJOR INTERVENTIONS OF RCH I Essential obstetric care Emergency obstetric care 24 hrs. delivery services at PHC/CHC Medical termination of pregnancy Control of RTI & STD Immunization Essential new born care Oral rehydration therapy

18. MAJOR INTERVENTIONS OF RCH II Essential obstetric care Promotion of Institutional delivery Skilled attendance at delivery The policy decisions 2. Emergency obstetric care 3. Strengthening of referral system   New Initiatives: Training of MBBS doctors in life saving anesthetic skills for emergency obstetric care Setting up of blood centers at FRU’s according to Govt. of India guidelines

19. JANANI SURAKSHA YOJANA Launched on 12 th April, 2005 Objectives: Reducing maternal mortality & infant mortality through encouraging delivery at health centers & focusing at institutional care among women in below poverty line families SALIENT FEATURES: 100% centrally sponsored scheme Under NRHM Beneficiaries are women(rural & urban areas), belonging to BPL & aged 19yrs. Or above, upto 1 st two live births Benefits: In rural area- Rs. 1300/- In urban area- Rs. 800/-

20. VANDE MATARAM SCHEME A voluntary scheme wherein any obstetric & gynecology Specialist, MBBS doctor can volunteer themselves for providing safe motherhood services SAFE ABORTION SERVICES: Facilities are provided under RCH phase II Medical method of abortion Manual Vacuum Aspiration(MVA)

21. CHILD SURVIVAL AND SAFE MOTHERHOOD PROGRAM Launched in 1992 Integrated all the scheme for better compliance Has following components: Early registration of pregnancy Minimum three ANC check ups Universal coverage of all pregnant women with TT immunization Advise on food, nutrition & rest Detection of highrisk pregnancies & prompt referral Clean deliveries by trained personnel Birth spacing Promotion of institutional delivery

22. ACTIVITIES OF FWP AT SUBCENTRE At Subcenter level Immunization, MCH information, education & communication services are to be provided by subcenter. Activities to be carried out during on immunization or MCH Session are: For Children : Immunization of children Administration of Vit. A concentrated solution for prophylaxis & therapy Diagnosis of anemia in children & distribution of Iron supplements For pregnant women: Antenatal checkup of pregnant women TT Immunization Administration of Iron supplements for prophylaxis & therapy De worming of pregnant women who show clinical signs of anemia (in 2 nd /3 rd trimester) in areas with high prevalence of hookworm infestation