National health program in India PSM.pdf

national health program in India

2. ●Dr. Sumit Sharma Sir
●Dr. Shikha gopal
Ma'am
●Pusplata Tripathi (68)
●Raghvendra Tiwari (69)
●Rahul Choudhary (70)
●Rahul Kumar (71)
●Rahul Maurya (72)
●Ripu kumari (73)
●Rohit (74)
●Roshni Garbyal (75)
Presented to
Presented by

3. Janani Suraksha
Yojana (JSY)

4. ●The national maternity benefit scheme
has been modified into new scheme
called janani suraksha yojana.
●It was lauched on 12/04/2005.

5. Objectives of Scheme
●Reducing maternal mortality and neonatal
mortality.
●Through encouraging delivary at health
institution of.

6. Features
●It is a 100% centrally sponsored scheme
●Under national rural health mission, it
integrates the benefit of cash assistance
with institutional care during antenatal,
delivary and immediate post partum care.

7. ●ASHA would work as a link health worker
between the poor pregnant woman and
public sector.
●Qualifies for JSY Benefits and What
Financial Support is Provided
●The eligibility criteria for Janani Suraksha
Yojana beneficiaries vary between
low-performing states (LPS) and
high-performing states (HPS).

8. ●In LPS, all pregnant women delivering in
government health centers or accredited
private institutions are eligible for the scheme.
●In HPS, only pregnant women from Below
Poverty Line (BPL) families, aged 19 years and
above, are eligible, as well as all Scheduled
Caste (SC) and Scheduled Tribe (ST) women.

9. ●Cash assistance under Janani Suraksha
Yojana is provided to encourage
institutional deliveries.
●The amount varies based on whether the
beneficiary resides in a rural or urban area.
In rural LPS, women receive Rs. 1,400, while
in urban areas, they receive Rs. 1,000.

10. ●ASHAs receive an incentive of Rs. 600 in rural
areas and Rs. 200 in urban areas for each
institutional delivery they facilitate.
●In HPS, the amounts are slightly lower, with
women in rural areas receiving Rs. 700 and
ASHAs receiving Rs. 200. For home deliveries,
eligible women receive Rs. 500 to support
their delivery-related care.

11. Rashtriya Kishor
Swasthya
Karyakram
(RKSK)

12. ●Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram
(RKSK) is a national program launched by
the Government of India in 2014, aimed at
improving the overall health and
development of adolescents aged 10 to
19 year.

13. Objective
●Improve the physical, mental, and reproductive
health of adolescents.
●Promote healthy behaviors and informed
decision-making.
●Provide age-appropriate information on nutrition,
sexual health, and mental wellbeing.

14. Six key thematic areas
●Nutrition – Address malnutrition and obesity.
● Sexual and Reproductive Health – Promote
safe and responsible sexual behavior.
●Mental Health – Address issues like stress,
anxiety, depression, and suicide prevention

15. ●Substance Abuse – Prevent use of tobacco,
alcohol, and other harmful substances..
●Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) – Raise
awareness on prevention and early detection.
●Injuries and Violence, including Gender-Based
Violence – Promote safety and support
system

16. Rashtriya Bal
Swasthya
Karyakram
(RBSK)

17. ●Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram
(RBSK) is a program launched by the
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare,
Government of India, under the National
Health Mission (NHM) in February 2013

18. Objective
To screen children for 4 Ds:
1. Defects at birth
2. Diseased
3. Deficienciey
4. Developmental delays including disabilities

19. Target age group
●Newborns (at public health facilities and
home)
●Preschool children (6 weeks to 6 years) in
Anganwadi centers
●School children (6 to 18 years) in government
and government-aided schools

20. Feature
●Mobile Health Teams conduct regular
screenings in schools and Anganwadi centers.
●DEIC (District Early Intervention Centers)
provide follow-up and management of referred
cases.
●Free treatment is provided for identified
conditions under the program

21. Condition covered
●RBSK covers over 30 health conditions,
including:
●Congenital heart disease, neural tube defects,
cleft lip/palate
●Anemia, malnutrition, vision and hearing
problems

22. ●Developmental disorders like autism,
learning disability, etc.
●This program ensures early detection and
timely management, aiming to reduce
child morbidity and improve quality of life

23. Universal
Immunization
Programme (UIP)

24. ●The Universal Immunization Programme
(UIP) is a public health initiative by the
Government of India aimed at protecting
children and pregnant women from
preventable diseases through vaccination.
●Launched: In 1985 (expanded from the
Expanded Programme on Immunization
started in 1978).

25. Target group
●Children: Infants and young children up to 5
years of age.
●Pregnant Women: To prevent diseases in both
the mother and the newborn.

26. Disease covered
●Tuberculosis
(BCG)
●Polio
●Rotavirus
●Measles
●Hepatitis B
●Rubella
●Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)
●Diphtheria, Pertussis, Tetanus (DPT)
●Pneumococcal diseases
●Japanese Encephalitis (in endemic
areas)
●Tetanus and diphtheria (Td for
pregnant women and adolescents

27. Mission
Indradhanush

28. ●Mission Indradhanush is a special
initiative launched by the Government
of India in December 2014 to
strengthen and accelerate the
Universal Immunization Programme
(UIP).

29. Objective
●To reduce maternal and infant
mortality by promoting institutional
deliveries (childbirth in hospitals or
health centers) among poor
pregnant women.

30. Target group
●Pregnant women from Below Poverty Line
(BPL) families.
●Women aged 19 years and above.
●Focus on rural and low-performing states with
high maternal mortality rates.

31. Financial Assistance
●Cash incentive is given to mothers who deliver
in government or accredited private health
facilities.
●The amount varies by state and whether the
area is categorized as high-performing or
low-performing.

32. ●ASHA workers (Accredited Social Health
Activists) are also given incentives for
helping women access healthcare and
ensuring institutional delivery.

33. Benefits
●Encourages women to seek antenatal care
(ANC).
●Promotes delivery with trained medical
professionals.
●Ensures post-natal care for both mother and
newborn.

34. Impact
●JSY has significantly improved institutional
delivery rates in India, especially in rural and
backward regions.

35. Pradhan Mantri
Surakshit
Matritva Abhiyan
(PMSMA)

36. ●Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva
Abhiyan (PMSMA) is a nationwide
initiative launched by the Government of
India in 2016 to ensure safe pregnancy
and reduce maternal and infant
mortality.

37. Objective
●To provide free and quality antenatal care to all
pregnant women on the 9th of every month,
especially during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of
pregnancy.
Target
●All pregnant women, particularly those in rural
and underprivileged areas.

38. Services Offered
●Free health check-ups by qualified doctors
(including gynecologists).
●Blood pressure, blood sugar, weight checks.
●Hemoglobin testing and other essential
diagnostics.

39. ●Tetanus vaccination and iron-folic acid
supplementation.
●Identification of high-risk pregnancies for
special attention.

40. Special features
●The program encourages private sector
doctors to volunteer and provide services
at government health facilities on the 9th
of each month.

41. Goals
●To ensure that no pregnant woman is
deprived of medical care and to promote
safe motherhood.

42. Navjaat Shishu
Suraksha
Karykram
(NSSK)

43. ●Navjaat Shishu Suraksha Karyakram
(NSSK) is a program launched by the
Government of India to reduce neonatal
mortality by improving care for newborn
babies immediately after birth.

44. Objective
●To train healthcare workers in basic
newborn care and resuscitation to
reduce deaths due to birth asphyxia and
other preventable causes during the
first 28 days of life.

45. Target groups
●Newborns, especially during the first few
minutes and hours after birth (a critical
period for survival).
●Healthcare providers including doctors,
nurses, and midwives.

46. Key interventions
●Helping babies breathe if they are not crying at
birth.
●Keeping the baby warm, clean, and dry.
●Early initiation of breastfeeding within one
hour of birth.
●Preventing infections and providing essential
newborn care.

47. Training
●Health personnel are trained using a
standardized 2-day training module
focusing on resuscitation techniques
and essential newborn care practices.

48. Implementation
●Carried out in hospitals, health
centers, and delivery points
across the country.

49. National program
of family
planning

50. ●The National Programme for Family
Planning in India, launched in 1952, was
the first of its kind globally, aimed at
reducing fertility rates and slowing
population growth to support economic
development.

51. ●Over the decades, it has evolved from a
clinical, target-driven approach to a broader
focus on reproductive health, maternal and
child health, and population stabilization,
aligning with policies like the National
Population Policy (NPP) 2000 and National
Health Policy 2017.

52. ●Administered by the Ministry of Health
and Family Welfare, the program
operates under the National Health
Mission (NHM) and integrates with the
Reproductive and Child Health (RCH)
program since 1997.

53. Objective
●Achieve population stabilization by reducing
the total fertility rate (TFR) to 2.1 by 2025.
●Promote reproductive health and reduce
maternal, infant, and child mortality and
morbidity.

54. ●Address unmet contraceptive needs,
ensuring informed choice and access to
services.
●Support sustainable economic growth,
social development, and environmental
protection.

55. Features and strategies
●Contraceptive Services: Offers a range of
methods, including:
●Condoms, oral contraceptive pills (OCPs),
and emergency contraceptives.
●Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCDs)
like Cu-T 380A.

56. ●Sterilization (tubectomy and vasectomy).
●Newer options like injectable
contraceptive MPA (Antara Programme)
and Centchroman (Chhaya), freely
available in public hospitals.

57. ●Mission Parivar Vikas (2016): Targets
high-fertility districts in seven states
(Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Assam,
Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh,
Rajasthan, Jharkhand) and six
northeastern states to improve
contraceptive access.

58. ●Community-Based Distribution:
Accredited Social Health Activists
(ASHAs) deliver contraceptives
door-to-door and promote awareness.

59. ●Postpartum and Post-Abortion Family
Planning: Strengthened through
postpartum IUCD (PPIUCD) insertion and
counseling at high-delivery facilities.
●Fixed-Day Services: Ensures regular
availability of sterilization and IUCD
services at health facilities.

60. ●Behavior Change Communication (BCC):
Campaigns like “Hum Do, Humare Do”
promote the two-child norm and
awareness through media and IEC
(Information, Education, Communication)
activities.

61. ●Voluntary Approach: Shifted from coercive
targets (pre-1996) to a client-centered,
demand-driven model emphasizing
informed choice.
●Public-Private Partnerships: Collaborates
with NGOs and social marketing
organizations to expand access.

62. Achievements
●Fertility Decline: TFR reduced from 5.7 (1966)
to 2.0 (NFHS-5, 2019-21), nearing replacement
level.
●Contraceptive Use: 66.7% of married women
(15-49 years) use contraceptives, with 56.5%
using modern methods (NFHS-5).
●Births Averted: By 1996, an estimated 16.8
crore births were prevented.

63. ●Global Recognition: India received the EXCELL
Award in 2022 at the International Conference
on Family Planning for increasing
contraceptive access and reducing unmet
needs.
●Demand Satisfied: Rose from 66% (2015-16)
to 76% (2019-21), surpassing the global SDG
target of 75% for 2030.

64. Challenges
●Unmet Needs: 49 million women still have
unmet contraceptive needs, particularly young
and adolescent women.
●Regional Disparities: High TFR in states like
Bihar and Uttar Pradesh compared to southern
states like Kerala.

65. ●Male Participation: Limited involvement in
family planning, with female sterilization
dominating (91% of sterilizations).
●Quality of Services: Issues like inadequate
counseling, follow-up, and access to diverse
methods persist.
●Social Barriers: Child marriage, low female
literacy (especially in rural areas), and cultural
preferences for larger families hinder
progress.

66. Recent developments
●New Contraceptives: Introduction of
injectables and non-hormonal pills (Chhaya) to
expand choices.
●Digital Initiatives: Platforms like “Hum
Do"provide information and guidance.

67. ●Policy Shift: Emphasis on women’s
empowerment, gender equity, and
adolescent health, moving beyond
sterilization-focused strategies.
●Funding Increase: From 0.1 crore in the First
Five-Year Plan to 6.3 crores by the Eleventh
Plan, integrated with health initiatives.

68. Impact
●Health Benefits: Reduced maternal and infant
mortality through better spacing and fewer
high-risk pregnancies.
●Economic Growth: Lower fertility rates
correlate with improved resource allocation
and economic outcomes.

69. ●Women’s Empowerment: Increased
access to contraception enhances
reproductive autonomy, though
gaps remain in decision-making
power.

70. National Mental
Health Program
(NHM)

71. ●The national mental health programme
was launched during 1982 with a view to
ensure availability of mental health care
services for all, especially the community
at risk and underprivileged section of the
population, to encourage application of
mental health knowledge in general health
care and social development.

72. Aims for NMH
●Prevention and treatment of mental and
neurological disorders and their associated
disabilities
●Use of mental health technology to improve
general health services
●Application of mental health principles in total
national development to improve quality of life.

73. ● To ensure availability and accessibility
of minimum mental health care for all in
the foreseeable future, particularly to the
most vulnerable and underprivileged
section of population.
Objective of programme

74. ●To encourage application of mental health
knowledge in general health care and in thr
social development.
●To promote community participation in the
mental health services development, and to
stimulate efforts towards self help in the
community

75. Strategies
of the
programm
e
● Integration of
mental health with
primary health care
through the NMHP
● Provision of tertiary
care institutions for
treatment of mental
disorders

76. ●Eradicating stigmatization of mentally ill
patients and protecting their rights
through regulatory institutions like central
mental health authority, state mental
health authority.

77. District Mental
Program
Components
● Training programmes
of all workers in the
mental health team at
the identified nodal
institute in the state.
●Public education in
mental health to
increase awareness
and to reduce stigma.

78. ● For early detection and treatment the OPD
and indoor services are provided.
●Providing valuable data and experience at
the level of community to the state and
centre for future planning, improvement in
service and research.

79. Promotive
and
Preventive
activities for
positive
mental health
●School mental health
services: life skills
education in schools,
counselling services.
●College counselling
services : through
trained teachers/
councellors.

80. ●Work place stress management: Formal
and informal sectors.
●Suicide Prevention services: Counselling
center at district level, help lines,
sensitization workshops.

81. Thrust areas
● District mental health programme in an
enlarged and more effective form covering
the entire country.
●Streamlining / modernization of mental
hospital in order to modify their present
custodial role.

82. ●Upgrading department of psychiatry in
medical colleges and enhancing the
psychiatric content of the medcial
curriculum at the undergraduate as well as
postgraduate level.
●Research and training in the field of
community mental health, substance
abuse and child adolescent psychiatrics
clinics.

83. The mental healthcare act
●There was an increasing realization that
persons with mental illness constitute a
vulnerable section of society and are subject
to discrimination in our society.
●The bill received assent of the of the Hon’ble
president of india on 7/4/ 2017.

84. ●The mental healthcare bill, 2013 was
introduced in the parliament in order to protect
and promote the rights of persons with mental
illness during the delivery of health care in
institutions and in community and to ensure
health care, treatment and rehabilitation of
persons with mental illness, is provided in the
least restrictive environment possible.

85. Bibliography
●Preventive and social
medicine
●Internet