Nature, scope and functions of secondary and senior secondary education in India, M.Ed 3rd sem module 1.pptx

This ppt shows the introductory part of the module 'Introduction to secondary and senior secondary education in India' in the paper - MED 12.1 CONTEXT AND ISSUES OF SECONDARY EDUCATION comes in the 3rd semester of M.Ed course under University of Calicut.

1. MODULE 1. Introduction to Secondary and Senior Secondary Education in India Dr. Shilna V

2. Classes X and XII constitute the secondary stage classes XI and XII are designated as the higher secondary stage The final two years of secondary education is often called higher secondary education, senior secondary education or +2 stage The normal age group of the children in secondary and senior secondary classes are 14-16 years and 16-18 years respectively What is Secondary and senior secondary stage?

3. Secondary education is a crucial stage in the educational structure as it prepares students for higher education It is the bridge that connects primary education with higher education The subjects studied in these classes play a significant role in determining their future career paths It is the intermediate stage of education where the basic concepts taught in the primary section are explained in more detail to prepare the students for higher education With a large number of young people passing through secondary education, a country’s economic growth rate shifts from labour-intensive to knowledge-centric

4. Goa, Gujarat, and Karnataka, follow the 8th to 10th grade for secondary education Punjab, Rajasthan, and Tamil Nadu, Sikkim, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Delhi, and the Karaikal region of Pondicherry follow the 9th to 10th grade. Secondary education provides general education, while senior secondary education allows students to specialize in a particular area of interest like Arts, Commerce, or Science Secondary education focuses on a broad range of subjects, while senior secondary education provides a more in-depth study of specific subjects

5. Scope of Secondary Education Foundation for Further Studies : Secondary education lays the foundation for further studies and provides students with a basic understanding of various subjects, which is essential for success in higher education and career opportunities Broadens Knowledge and Skills : Secondary education broadens a student’s knowledge and skills, preparing them for a more advanced level of education Develops Critical Thinking Skills : The subjects studied in secondary education require students to think critically and solve problems. This develops important skills that are valuable in both academic and professional life. Increases Confidence : Completing secondary education can boost a student’s confidence and self-esteem, leading to better performance in future studies and careers.

6. Communication Skills Develop: students develop the ability to quickly understand and manage new information. They can listen effectively, present their views clearly, make plans, and rationally discuss issues or problems Broadens Horizon : Students see their potential while growing physically, mentally, and emotionally, shows the students a balanced perspective of the world

7. Scope of Senior Secondary Education Specialization : Senior secondary education allows students to specialize in a particular area of interest, leading to a deeper understanding and mastery of the subject Better Career Opportunities : A senior secondary education can provide students with better career opportunities, as many careers require a certain level of education Improved Critical Thinking Skills : The advanced level of study in senior secondary education further develops critical thinking skills and problem-solving abilities. Preparation for Higher Education : Senior secondary education prepares students for higher education and provides them with a solid foundation for success in their future studies.

8. Important functions of secondary education Adjustive or adaptive function : it should provide means for the adjustment of the pupil to his social environment the present social organization comprises certain elements which may be expected to remain relatively stable and constant in the near future, and others which we may confidently expect to be either entirely lost or radically modified It includes both the establishment of certain fixed habits of reaction, certain fixed standards and ideals, and also the development of a capacity to readjust adequately to the changing demands of time

9. Important functions of secondary education contd … Integrating function one of the imperative demands made by society on the secondary school is provision for the development of that amount of like-mindedness, of unity in thought, habits, ideals, and standards, requisite for social cohesion and social solidarity The increasing heterogeneity of the population in this country tends constantly to increase the diversity of social heredity and therefore to render the process of social integration more necessary and more difficult The increasing diversity of industrial occupations and of living conditions tends constantly to increase the forces of differentiation demanding increased forces of integration to balance and compensate

10. Important functions of secondary education contd … Differentiating function differentiating function of secondary education arises out of the necessity of taking advantage of the differences among individuals for the purpose of determining social efficiency Pupils in the secondary school differ greatly in native capacities, in acquired tendencies in interests and aptitudes. Failure to recognize this fundamental fact at any time must inevitably mean failure to do justice to the individual and failure to develop the highest social efficiency out of the raw material available The diversified needs of modern industrial and social life demand preparation for widely different forms of activity and The differentiated activities of life demand differentiated education

11. Important functions of secondary education contd … Propaedeutic function The propaedeutic function of secondary education is merely one phase of the adjustive function, having reference to a part only of secondary-school pupils — those preparing to continue their formal education in some higher institution preparation for highereducation must be one of the legitimate functions of secondary education In medicine, the terms " propedeutics "/" propedeutic " specifically refers to the preliminary collection of data about a patient by observation, palpation, temperature measurement, etc., without specialized diagnostic procedures

12. Important functions of secondary education contd … Selective function the elimination of those individuals who are unable to meet the demands set pupil has a right to receive education in fields for which he possesses ability and interest No amount of training can ever equalize the abilities of individuals whose native capacities differ to any marked degree

13. Important functions of secondary education contd … Diagnostic and directive function The determination of what each pupil may best do and what he may do with the greatest efficiency and happiness school must provide materials to acquaint the pupil with various activities of life,must give him some opportunity to test out and explore his capacities and interests,and must provide some direction and guidance