Navigating_the_ADHD_Mind_in_Children.pptx

This presentation talks about the children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

1. Navigating the ADHD Mind in Children: Understanding Challenges and Unlocking Potential Presented by- Dhritipurna Das

2. A sneak-peek in the History… Historically, the first book ever presented a description of a typical child’s disorder (now known as ADHD) in a poetic language. Source: “Fidgety Phil” nursery rhyme

3. “defective moral control”, inability to refrain from inappropriate behaviour Such behaviour is caused by a “genetic dysfunction” and NOT by “poor child rearing”

4. The journey… 1917 – MBI MINIMAL BRAIN INJURY 1960-HACS HYPERACTIVE CHILD SYNDROME 1980 – ADD ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER 1984 – ADHD ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER

5. What is ADHD? Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Developmental disorder of self- control A trying but normal phase of childhood Not caused by parental failure to discipline or control the child Not a sign of inherent ‘badness’ in the child It can be heartbreaking and ‘nerve-racking’ - Barkely (2000)

6. A condition where a person finds it hard to sit still, control behaviour, and pay attention Usually begins before a person is 7 years Inadequate chemicals like neurotransmitters in their brain. - NICHCY (2004) A medical diagnosis that is applied to children and adults who are experiencing significant behavioural and cognitive difficulties in important aspects of their lives Primarily caused by dysfunctions in the frontal lobes of the brain - Cooper and Bilton (2002)

7. Attention demanding behaviour Difficulty in resisting distraction Inconsistency in responsive behaviour, mood deflection, task performer Difficulty in following instructions, rules, and remaining disciplined Exercising restraints over emotional outburst Difficulties in terms of fine motor coordination A few Behavioural Symptoms

8. Signs of ADHD in CHILDREN

9. Eventually leading to…

10. Causes of ADHD

11. Neurological Factors Genetic or Hereditary Factors Structurally smaller pre-frontal & frontal lobes of the cerebrum, basal ganglia and cerebellum To have less activity or blood flow in the brain Absence or scares neurotransmitters (Castellanos and Swanson, 2002) Tannocks (1998) reports that it is more common in biological relatives of children with ADHD than in cases where children do not have ADHD More common among identical twins than with fraternal twins. Environmental Factors Brain injury or brain disease like encephalitis {prenatal/ postnatal} Complications during pregnancy and birth such as toxaemia Fatal exposure to alcohol, smoking, drugs abuse or high levels of lead {prenatal/ postnatal}

12. The Role of environmental factors as nourisher or extinguisher

13. Challenges we know, lets unlock the potentials!

14. Parenting Strategies

15. Sessions for Parents

16. OT Intervention in ADHD

17. All set---You Bet ! I 2 3---Eyes on me! Hands on knees---Listen Please! Zero Zero --- Superhero! I 2 3 4---Bottoms on the floor! 5 6 7 8--- Let’s not be late! Attention Grabbers

18. Towards unlocking the potentials in children with ADHD Individualized Support Plans Accommodation in classrooms Personalised learning strategies behavioral interventions designed to optimize their academic performance and social-emotional well-being . Strength-based Approaches Identify and leverage the unique talents Encourage their interests and passion Focus on their strengths and motivate them .

19. Structured Environment Establish a structured and predictable environment in school Use of visual schedules, timers for task completion and transitions Consistency in routine for reducing anxiety Multi-Modal Learning Strategy A variety of hands-on activities Interactive learning experiences Incorporating technology – based learning tools Breaking tasks into manageable chunks Positive Reinforcement and Encouragement Recognise their efforts and achievements Creating a supportive and nurturing environment Giving effort- based compliments rather than intelligence based

20. Creating a supportive and nurturing environment where mistakes are viewed as learning opportunities, and where perseverance and resilience are valued.

21. The best thing we can give our children is a NON JUDGMENTAL SPACE. A space which is built on the foundation of Care, Trust, and Respect.

22. Thank you References: American Academy of Paediatrics 2000, Clinical Practice Guidelines NICHCY 2004, ADHD Disorder Fact Sheet -9 S.K. Mangal, Educating Exceptional Children- An Introduction To Special Education The Patway2Success websites