NEED OF RADIATION PROTECTION IN RADIOLOGY

Conceptual based radiation protection
Effect of radiation
ALARA AND Cardianal principle

1. RADITATION PROTECTION PRESTENDES BY DIVYA TIWARI MMRIT SEM II

2. CONTENT INTRODUCTION RADITION TYPE OF RADITION EFFECT OF RADITION PRINCIPLE OF RADITION PROTECTION ALARA CARDINAL PRINCIPAL

3. INTRODUCTION The aim of  radiation protection  is to reduce unnecessary radiation exposure Goal to minimize the harmful effects of ionizing Radiation response on human , results interaction at atomic level

4. RADIATION Radiation is form of Energy, Invisible either in wave or particle Exposure above than threshold produces biological effects: Somatic effects Genetics effects Teratogenic effects Radiation may- Deposit energy Damage DNA Create ionization, which leads free radicals

5. TYPES OF RADITION PARTICULATE ELETROMAGENETIC NON-IONIZING IONIZING PARTICULATE RADIATION refers to the emission of subatomic particles , such as - alpha beta particles, or neutrons , with energy and mass

6. Non- ionizing-  longer wavelength/lower frequency, lower energy.  Example- ELF (extremely low frequency) Radio Frequencies Microwave Frequencies Lasers Infrared Visible Spectrum Ultraviolet

7. IONIZING  short wavelength/high frequency , higher energy. Example- Gamma Rays X-Rays

8. Sources of ionizing radiation • Natural background radiation Cosmic radiation Terrestrial radiation Internal radioisotopes Enhanced natural sources Artificial radiation sources Occupational exposure

9. EFFECTS OF RADIATION

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11. PRINCIPLES OF RADIATION PROTECTION ICRP ( INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION) Justification Optimization Limitations ALARA PRINCIPLE ( As low as reasonably achievable) Minimization of radiation doses and limiting the release of radioactive materials into the environment by employing all reasonable methods.

12. 10 –DAY RULE examination of lower abdomen and pelvis to the 10 days following onset of measurement….

13. CARDINAL PRINCPLES “ TDS” Exposure = exposure rate time Intensity inversely proportional to square of distance. Shielding =D/2 or D/10