Nerves of thoracic limb

Dr. Waqas Nawaz
PMAS arid agriculture university rawalpindi

1. NERVES OF THORACIC LIMB Waqas Nawaz 11-Arid-975

2. Brachial plexus The brachial plexus is a network of nerve fiber running from the spine formed by ventral rami . of the lower four cervical and first thoracic nerve roots (C5-C8, T1). It proceeds through the neck, the  axilla  (armpit region), and into the arm. It is a bunch of nerves passing through the cervico-axillary canal to reach axilla and supplies brachium, antebrachium and hand. The brachial plexus is responsible for cutaneous and muscular innervation of entire limb. The  trapezius  muscle innervated by the spinal accessory nerve . An area of skin near the axilla innervated by the inter costobrachial nerve. Nerve from brachial plexus my be grouped as fallow:

3. Name of Nerves in Thoracic Limb Pectoral nerve Thoraco dorsal nerve Long thoracic nerve Lateral thoracic nerve Supra scapular nerve Sub scapular nerve Pectoral nerve Axilary nerve Radial nerve Musculo cutaneous nerve Medial nerve Ulnar nerve

4. Nerve In Extrinsic Muscle of Thoracic Limb 1-Pectoral nerve: It is cranial to superficial muscle. and caudal to deep pectoral muscle. It leads to cleido brachialis muscle 2-Thoraco dorsal nerve: The  thoraco dorsal nerve is a nerve present in humans and other animals. It is also known as the middle sub scapular nerve or the long sub scapular nerve. It supplies the  latissimus dorsi  muscle.

5. The nerve descends behind the brachial plexus and the axillary vessels, resting on the outer surface of the  Serratus anterior. It extends along the side of the thorax to the lower border of that muscle, supplying filaments to each of its digitations (finger-like projections). 3-Long thoracic nerve: Nerves that innervate intrinsic muscles of the scapular region: 4-Supra scapular nerve: The  suprascapular nerve  arises from the upper trunk (formed by the union of the fifth and sixth cervical nerves. It innervates the  Supra spinatous   muscle and infra spinatus muscles .

6. 5-Sub scapular nerve: The sub scapular nerves are innervated by the posterior division of the brachial plexus. These nerves are part of a group of nerves that innervate the muscles that move the scapula. The upper sub scapular nerve inserts directly into the upper portion of the sub mscapularis muscle, thus innervating it. The lower sub scapular nerve contains two branches. One branch inserts into the lower portion of the sub scapularis muscle and the other branch inserts into the teres major .   Nerves that run to the lateral surface of the thoracic limb : 6-Pectoral nerve: It lies cranial to superficial muscle and caudal to deep pectoral muscle.  7- Axillary nerve:   Runs laterally, . It supplies flexors of  shoulder joint ( teres major and minor, deltoideus , and sub scapularis m  It supplies skin of the lateral brachium. 

7.  8-R adial nerve:   It supplies extensor muscles of the elbow,  carpus , and digits. It is sensory to the cranial surface of the antebrachium   and the dorsum of the manus (except lateral surface of fifth digit). Nerves that run along the medial surface of the thoracic limb: 9- Musculo cutaneous nerve: Supplies muscles that flex the elbow (biceps brachi   and brachialis ) muscle & the cora cobrachialis m. It is sensory to the antebrachium (medial cutneous antebrachial nerve. 10-Median nerve: Innervates most of the muscles that flex the carpus & digits (caudal group of antebrachial muscles). It is sensory to the palmar surface of the manus , except for the fifth digit. 11-Ulnar nerve: Joins the median nerve in innervating muscles that flex the carpus & digits   (caudal group of antebrachial muscles). It is sensory to the caudal surface of the    antebrachium and the fifth digit.