Network protocals

Network Protocals

1. welcome Seminor on Network protocols

2. contents Introduction history What is network protocols Requirements of protocols Functions of protocols Need of protocols Types of protocols Benefits of protocols conclusion

3. Introduction computers use network protocols to communicate in computer networks. There are many network protocols in existence; TCP/IP is a family of network protocols that are used for the Internet. A  network protocol  is a standard written down on a piece of paper (or, more precisely, with a text editor in a computer). The standards that are used for the Internet are called  Requests For Comment (RFC) .

4. History The Internet base protocols and systems were mainly devised in the 1970s and 1980s. TCP/IP describes a protocol which will work on any sort of computer and operating system for transportation of data across the internet between different systems TCP/IP has proven to be remarkably robust, but is very basic.

5. What are network protocols The word  protocol  comes from the Greek  protocollon , meaning a leaf of paper glued to a manuscript volume that describes the contents . Network Protocol is a set of rules that governs the communications between computers on a network. Network protocols are formal standards and policies comprised of rules, procedures and formats that define communication between two or more devices over a network . Network protocols govern the end-to-end processes of timely, secure and managed data or network communication.

6. Requirements of protocols Data formats for data exchange Flow control Routing Acknowledgements Loss of information Sequence control

7. Protocol functions Identifies errors Applies compression techniques Decides on: How to announce sent data How to announce receive data How to address data How data is to be sent

8. Need of protocols Protocols are needed for predetermined understandings for communications It helps the smooth functioning of a system,such contribution to a system may benefit or offend you from where you stand

9. Types of protocol TCP : Transmission C ontrol P rotocol HTTP : Hypertext Transfer Protocol FTP : File Transfer Protocol SMTP : Simple Mail Transfer Protocol UDP : User Datagram Protocol ICMP : Internet Control Message Protocol SCTP : Stream Control Transmission Protocol ARP : Address Resolution Protocol

10. TCP/IP Protocol TCP/IP: TCP/IP  is a set of rules ( protocols ) governing communications among all computers on the Internet. TCP/IP was developed in  1978  and driven by  Bob Kahn  and  Vint Cerf . TCP/IP is a combination of two separate protocols: Transmission Control Protocol ( TCP ) and Internet Protocol ( IP ). The Transmission Control Protocol is responsible for ensuring the reliable transmission of data across Internet-connected networks . TCP checks packets for errors and submits requests for re-transmissions if any are found.

11. HTTP Protocol HTTP: The  Hypertext Transfer Protocol  ( HTTP ) is an  application protocol  for distributed, collaborative,  hypermedia  information systems.HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the  World Wide Web . Development of HTTP was initiated by  Tim Berners-Lee  at  CERN  in 1989 HTTP is an  application layer  protocol designed within the framework of the  Internet protocol suite .

12. FTP Protocol FTP: File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a standard Internet  protocol  for transmitting files between computers on the Internet over  TCP/IP  connections . FTP is a  client-server  protocol that relies on two communications channels between client and server: a command channel for controlling the conversation and a data channel for transmitting file content .

13. SMTP: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used to transport mail. Simple Mail Transport Protocol is used on the internet, it is not a transport layer protocol but is an application layer protocol . UDP: - An unreliable connection less protocol used to control the management of application level services between computers. It is used for transport by some applications which must provide their own reliability.

14. ICMP: Internet control message protocol provides management and error reporting to help manage the process of sending data between computers. ( Management). ARP: Address Resolution Protocol enables the packaging of IP data into ethernet packages. It is the system and messaging protocol that is used to find the ethernet (hardware) address from a specific IP number

15. POP: POP stands for Post Office Protocol. It is generally used to support a single client. There are several versions of POP but the POP 3 is the current standard. POP is an application layer internet standard protocol. POP does not allow search facility. It is not suitable for accessing non mail data.

16. Benefits of network protocols Some important benefits are; T hey provide the path to increase the network connections Enhance the speed of the connection, E nhance the data transmission rate and provide easy working to the users

17. CONCLUSION Computer Networks and Protocols have forever changed the way humans will work, play, and communicate . New protocols and standards will emerge, new applications will be conceived, and our lives will be further changed and enhanced.

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