Network software

This note is about Hardware ,Software , IP & Mac address

1. 1

Notes On
‘Network Software’

Submitted To
Pranab Bandhu Nath
Senior Lecturer
Dept. Of CSE

Submitted By
Md. Mizanur Rahman
1834902576
49
th

2. 2
 Differences between Application and Software :
Application Software
 Application is for performing a
specific task .
 Software is a set of instructions
that operates hardware.
 Application is made based on
operating system
 Software is not always made
based on OS
 Application os can be always
executable .
 Software can be both
executable and not executable.
 Application needs user command
for working.
 Software does not need user
command for working.
 Application software is used only
by users.
 Software is worked as a
mediator between user and
hardware .


 Difference between hardware , firmware and software
Hardware Firmware Software
Physical components of a
computer those are visible
and touchable help user to
perform any task.
It’s a special form of software
that enables computer to
perform task without installing
any additional software.
Software is a set of
instructions that
operates hardware
command.
Ex : keyboard ,Printer,
Mouse, Scanner, monitor,
CPU, RAM, ROM
Bios is a common example of
firmware
Ex : MS word,
Excel, MySQL , Adobe
photoshop

3. 3

 Difference between System Software and Application Software
System Software Application Software
System software works as an interface
between application software and
system .
It performs a specific task as per user
request.
It’s used for operating computer
hardware.
It’s used for performing specific task.
It runs from start to end . It runs when user use it.
It can run independently. It provides
platform for running application
software.
It’s not independent. They need system
software to run.
Ex : operating system, Compiler, Driver
etc.
Ex: word processor, Media player ,web
browsers etc



ADDRESSING : It’s the way of uniquely identifying each computer or device
participating in a network.
There are two types of addressing :
 Physical addressing : MAC addressing
 Logical addressing : IP addressing

MAC ADDRESS : A MAC address is a hardware identification number that
uniquely identify every devices on a network.

4. 4
IP ADDRESS : An internet protocol address is an identifying number that is
associated with a specific computer or computer network.
An IP address serves two main functions :
 Host or network interface identifier
 Location addressing
There are two version of IP addressing :
 IPv4 : Internet protocol version 4 defines an IP address as a 32 bit
number.
 IPv6 : A new version of IP (IPv6), using 128 bits of IP address.
CLASSES OF IPv4 :
 CLASS A : Class A address range includes IP starting 1 to 126.
The IP range 127 is reserved for loopback IP address.
Class A IP address format is thus : N HHH
 CLASS B:Class B IP Address range from 128 to 191.
Class B address format is : NN HH
 CLASS C :Class C IP address range is from 192 to 223.
Class C IP address format is : NNN H
 CLASS D : Class D IP address range from 224 to 239.
 CLASS E : This IP address is reserved for experimental purpose only
for R&D or study. IP addresses in this class range from 240 to 255.

PRIVATE IP ADDRESS : Private IP address is used for a local network. For
class A the range of private IP address is 10. For class B the range of private IP
address is 172. For class C the range of private IP address is 192.
PUBLIC IP ADDRESS : Public IP address is used to identity a machine on the
internet

5. 5
HOST : A host is a computer or other device that communicates with other
hosts on a network .