Neurological rehabilitation (rehab) is a doctor-supervised program designed for people with diseases, injury, or disorders of the nervous system. Neurological rehab can often improve function, reduce symptoms, and improve the well-being of the patient.

NEURO REHABILITATION

1. Neuro rehabilitation

2. ABI An acquired brain injury (ABI) is an injury to the brain that is not hereditary, congenital, degenerative, or induced by birth trauma. Essentially. this type of brain injury is one that has occurred after birth. The injury results in a change to the brain’s neuronal activity, which affects the physical integrity, metabolic activity, or functional ability of nerve cells in the brain. An acquired brain injury is the umbrella term for all brain injuries.

3. There are two types of acquired brain injury: traumatic and non-traumatic Traumatic Brain Injury A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as an alteration in brain function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by an external force. Traumatic impact injuries can be defined as closed (or non-penetrating) or open (penetrating). Examples of a TBI include: Falls Assaults Motor vehicle accidents Sports injuries Non-Traumatic Brain Injury Often referred to as an acquired brain injury, a non-traumatic brain injury causes damage to the brain by internal factors, such as a lack of oxygen, exposure to toxins, pressure from a tumor, etc. Examples of NTBI include: Stroke Aneurysm Tumor Infectious disease that affects the brain (i.e., meningitis) Lack of oxygen supply to the brain (i.e., heart attack)

4. Introduction The main objective of neurological rehabilitation is to help patients optimize their functional competence; t

5. General Approaches to Neurological Rehabilitation In determining which of the various intervention options is best for a given patient, the therapist must work closely with the patient, family, and caregivers to identify their goals and needs. This, along with the examination results, will aid in narrowing the focus of treatment and the selection of specific exercises and activities.

6. Motor control and learning theories try to explain how the central nervous system (CNS) accomplishes the miracle of coordinated, meaningful movement.

7. Two important conceptual models, (1) the APTA’s Patient/Client Management Model and (2) the World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) ICF, are central throughout the text. the APTA Patient/Client Management Model decision making, examination/evaluation, intervention principles, and specific interventions/plan of care. ICF MODEL: the examination and intervention focusing on functional activity limitations and participation

8. The main objective of neurological rehabilitation is to help patients optimize their functional competence; that is, the ability to perform daily activities in a variety of environments, under different conditions, with a minimal expenditure of physical and cognitive resources. LIFE SPAN

9. There are many intervention approaches available to the PT that can promote functional recovery following brain injury. Two basic treatment strategies are a compensatory and a restorative (recovery) approach.

10. The compensatory approach seeks to improve functional skills by compensating for the lost ability. A restorative approach seeks to restore the “normal” use of the affected UE Both approaches seek to reinstitute functional independence.

11. FOR STROKE/SUSAN Physical therapy can take the form of remediation, compensation, or prevention.48 Remediation is indicated whenever there is the potential for structural and behavioral plasticity. In more severe cases with limited recovery potential, compensation strategies may be employed. Repetitive task-specific training based on motor learning coupled with exercise and physical activity are the core principles that organize the approach to intervention. PT interventions are centered around a meaningful salient goal with consideration of how to (1) structure the environment, (2) schedule practice, (3) provide feedback, (4) dose the intervention,(5) progress the program, and (6) encourage problem solving, reflection, and self- managemenT