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1. design and implementation of a smart car park using Arduino By Najaf Mousa Zainal Mohammed Nazim Mahdi Supervisor Lec . Ehab Hashim

2. Abstract As the number of vehicles on the road is prevalent, there are bound to be traffic issues. This is due to the fact that the existing transportation infrastructure and car parking facilities that have been developed are not able to handle the flow of vehicles on the road. To alleviate the above problems, an intelligent parking system has been developed. By creating a smart car park, patrons can easily locate and secure vacant parking spaces in any car park they see fit. The entry and exit of the car has also become more convenient.

3. Abstract The proposed system clarifies the meter of available parking spaces inside the parking lot and gives the order to the parking gate not to enter any car when all the parking lots are full. In addition, the same counter for the exit gate (the same as the entry gate) is counted in the reverse order of the cars exiting the parking lot. The principle of operation of the smart parking is the TCRT5000 sensor, which is a reflected infrared sensor, which works when the car is parked in front of it, and it adds a number to the meter or subtracts one from the meter number.

4. Introduction The smart parking system implemented mainly in the Europe, United States and Japan ( Shaheen et al., 2005) I developed with the incorporation of advanced technologies and researches from various academic disciplines. With its deployment in the car park, it is hoped that it would solve the aforementioned problems faced by the patrons within the car park. .

5. Advantages of smart parking system implementation The smart parking system is considered beneficial for the car park operators, car park patrons as well as in environment conservation ( Shaheen et al., 2005; Chinrungrueng et al., 2007). For the car park operators, the information gathered via the implementation of the Smart Parking System can be exploited to predict future parking patterns. Pricing strategies can also be manipulated according to the information obtained to increase the company’s profit. In terms of environment conservation, the level of pollution can be reduced by decreasing vehicle emission (air pollutant) in the air ( Shaheen et al., 2005). This can be attributed to the fact that vehicle travel is reduced

6. Problem Statement In recent research in metropolitan cities the parking management problem can be viewed from several angles. High vehicle density on roads. This results in annoying issue for the drivers to park their vehicles as it is very difficult to find a parking slot. The drivers usually waste time and effort in finding parking space and end up parking their vehicles finding a space on streets. In worst case, people fail to find any parking space especially during peak hours and festive seasons.

7. Objectives In recent research in metropolitan cities the parking management problem can be viewed from several angles. High vehicledensity on roads. This results in annoying issue for the drivers to park their vehicles as it is verydifficult to find a parking slot. The drivers usually waste time and effort in finding parking space and end up parking theirvehicles finding a space on streets. In worst case, people fail to find any parking spaceespecially during peak hours and festive seasons.

8. types of smart car parking systems 1- Parking Guidance Information System (PGIS ). 2- Transit Route Information System (TBIS ). 3- smart payment system. 4- electronic parking. 5- meter based car park. 6- Parking lot based on wired sensor. 7- Parking lot based on wireless sensor.

9. Project physical components 1- Arduino UNO This is one of the first and most popular Arduino boards to use and the easiest to teach. The most important characteristic of this type is that the controller chip is not fixed in the board but is installed on a stand, and this feature makes it the best choice for beginners so that if you accidentally burn the chip while working on your project, you can restore your work on the board by simply changing the controller chip to another of the same model .

10. 2- Display screen (LCD I2C 16 * 2) Liquid Crystal Display LCD is used as letter display And the different numbers depending on the commands the controller or the Arduino board sends to the screen. The screen is so named because it contains crystals suspended in a viscous liquid. LCD screens come in a variety of shapes, and they may be composed of one or several lines. Each line contains a number of cells, and the cell is a two-dimensional array of pixels in which the required character is shown.

11. 3- Servo motor It is a DC continuous motor whose rotation angle is precisely controlled by a typical closed loop feedback control system. The servo motor only rotates as much as we want and then stops and waits for the next signal, unlike the traditional DC motor that starts rotating when a feed is applied to it and continues rotating until the feeding stops, so we can't control its angle of rotation to a specific place.

12. 4- IR Sensor Sensors are a very important part of electronics, especially in the field of robotics and automation. Sensors in electronic devices make our lives easy by sensing and controlling devices automatically, without human interaction. There are many types of sensors such as fire sensor, humidity sensor, motion sensor, temperature sensor, infrared sensor, etc. Infrared Sensor (IR Sensor) is a very common sensor, which is used in many applications in the field of electronics, such as being used in remote control system, motion detector, product counter, line follower robots, alarms etc . IR LED and Photodiode can be positioned in two ways: direct and indirect. In direct, the IR LED and photodiode are placed in front of each other, so that the infrared radiation can fall directly on the photodiode. If we place any object in between, it stops the infrared light from falling on the photodiode.

13. practical part Connect the hardware components of the project 1- Install the project parts on the base designated for the project. 2- Connecting the parts ( tcrt 5000, display and servo motor) by connecting wires with Arduino . 3- The principle of work depends on the tcrt5000 sensor, where it senses the presence of a car to send the arduino a signal to the servo motor to open the gate, but provided that there is an empty space (car park capacity is 5). Servo motor to open the gate.

14. Conclusions Through this study a set of conclusions were reached, as follows:- 1- The smart car park is an electronic system that works without human intervention. 2- It is easy to implement and can be implemented on the ground. 3- It is considered an appropriate solution to transportation problems as it works to reduce congestion.

15. Recommendations 1- Implementation of such systems on the ground to solve transportation problems. 2- Working on developing the current system and studying other types of smart parking systems. 3- Connecting the system with WIFI to make the system more easy and advanced.