Nomenclature of complex compound

Nomenclature of complex compound (of inorganic chemistry) , WRITTEN BY AMIR HASSAN FROM GOVT. POST GRADUATE COLLAGE MARDAN, KPK, PAKISTAN.

1. Written BY : AMIR HASSAN OF BS CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT GPGC MARDAN
EMAIL : [email protected]

NOMENCLATURE OF COMPLE X COMPOUND
1) First we can see general types of complexes:
 Neutral Complexes:
[Ni(CO)4]
0

 Anionic Complexes:
K
+2
2 [Fe
+2
(CN)4]
-2

 Cationic Complexes:
[Pt
+4
(NH3)4.NO2.Cl]
+2


2) NOMENCLATURE RULES:
 The name of cation is written first, and then followed by anions in ionic complexes. (Like Na
+
Cl
-
i.e.
Sodium
+
-Chloride
-)
. E.g.
K
+2
2 [Pt
+4
(Cl)6]
-2
: Potassium-Hexachloro-platinate(IV)

 The name of ligand is written first then followed by the name of metal (oxidation state).

[Pt
+4
(NH3)6]
+4
: Hexamine-platinum(IV)

 THE NATURE OF LIGANDS :-

 Negative Ligand: - with the negative ligand name “O” (ao), is added to its ends.
e.g. Cl
-
as Chloro, Br
-
as Bromo, I
-
as Iodo, CN
-
as Cyano
CH3COO
-
Acetato, NO2
-
Nitroso

 Positive Ligand: - with the positive ligand name as “ium” is added to its ends.
e.g. NO
+
as Nitosylium, and NH2-NH3
+
as Hydrazinium

 Neutral Ligand:- with the neutral name as such special name are written mean their own
Name is enough. e.ge.
(C2H5-as-Ethyl), (C5H12-as-Phenyl), (NH3-as-Amine), (H2O-as-Aquo)

 THE ODER OF LIGAND: - (NEGATIVE > NEUTRAL > POSITIVE)

the name of ligand are written in Oder form as negative first, then neutral-ligands, and lastly the
name of positive-ligand, in coordination sphere.

e.g. [Co
+3
(NH3)4.Cl2]
+1
Cl : Dichloro-Tetramine-Co (III)-Chloride

Note: IF more than One Similar charged Species/Ligand are present in coordination sphere. Then
arranged them in alphabetically Oder (i.e. A-C-D-E-F- and so On Up to Z).

e.g. [Co
+3
(NH3)4.NO
+
.Cl
-
]
+1
Cl : Chloro-Nitro-Tetramine-Co (III)-Chloride

 THE NUMBER OF LIGANDS: - The number of ligands are written as

Bi= Two, Tri=Three, Tetra=Four, Penta=Five, and so on.