NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES continuation.pptx

Common Non communicable diseases

1. Lesson 1: NO N COMMUNICABLE DISEASES Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department HEALTH 7

2. D. Cardiovascular Diseases Cardiovascular diseases are diseases of the heart and blood vessels. Here are some common cardiovascular diseases and their causes. 1. Hypertension This is a condition caused by high pressure or tension in the arteries, such that the flow of blood against the artery walls becomes too much. It is commonly called high blood pressure. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

3. a. Symptoms of hypertension A person who suffers from high blood pressure generally feels the following symptoms. 1. headache 4. chest pain 2. Dizziness 5. shortness of breath 3. Nausea 6. blurred vision Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

4. b. Prevention and treatment of hypertension The prevention of this disease includes the following: (1) maintenance of healthy weight (depending on one's age) (2) eating healthful foods (3) less salt intake in the diet (4) regular physical exercise (5) by not smoking (6) by managing stress properly (7) by taking medications

5. 2. Stroke This is a condition in which the brain tissues suddenly die because of lack of oxygen. A person may have a stroke if the blood flow to the brains blocked or stopped.

6. a. Symptoms of stroke A person experiencing a stroke may feel the following: 1. unexplained dizziness 2. numbness of the facial muscles 3. dimness of vision or loss of vision 4. slurred or garbled speech 5. paralysis of one-half of the body Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

7. b. Preventive measures Stroke can be avoided through the following ways. 1. regulating one's blood pressure at normal level 2. having regular exercise 3. maintaining a healthy weight 4. putting plenty of fruits and vegetables in the diet 5. avoiding fatty foods 6. not smoking

8. 3. Heart Attack Heart attack is caused by the accumulation of plaques within the arteries. Plaques are caused by the buildup of fatty matter, cholesterol, or calcium within the arteries.

9. Signs of heart attack Usually there are no symptoms that can warn an impending heart attack. At the onset of a heart attack, a person experiences the following: 1. acute chest pain 5. Nausea 2. shortness of breath 6. jaw ache 3. profuse sweating 4. pains in the shoulder and arms Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

10. b. Fighting heart attack The following are your guides in order to prevent heart attack: 1. Eat a nutritious diet. 2. Avoid fatty foods. 3. Get plenty of exercise. 4. Maintain an ideal weight. 5. Avoid smoking. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

11. E. Cancer Cancer is a disease in which cells grow uncontrollably, then, attack and affect healthy tissues. A mass of abnormal cells forms growths that become lumps called tumors. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

12. 1. Some factors that increase the risk of developing cancer are as follows: a. overexposure to carcinogens, such as harmful chemicals b. unhealthful diet, especially fatty foods c. unprotected exposure under the sun d. smoking and secondhand smoke (inhaled by nonsmoker or passive smoker) e. drinking alcoholic beverages f. lack of regular physical activity g. the use of prohibited drugs Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

13. 2. Preventing Cancer There are several ways to reduce your chances of having cancer. Be able to follow and observe the following: a. Avoid unnecessary exposure to harmful chemicals, such as insect sprays and solvents. b. Follow a balanced diet that is low in fat. c. Eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grain products. d. Avoid sun overexposure. e. Avoid using tobacco in any form. Avoid secondhand tobacco smoke (passive smoker). f. Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages g. Have a regular visit to your doctor to detect cancer in its early stages. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

14. 3. Treating cancer Early detection of cancer is very important. If its warning signs are detected early, there will be greater chances that it can be treated successfully, a. Factors that affect the successful treatment of cancer are the following. 1. the type of cancer 2. where it is located in the body 3. how far it has developed 4. the patient's overall health and attitude Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

15. b. Treatments for certain cancers include the following: 1. Surgery - the removal of cancerous body parts 2. Chemotherapy- the utilization of special medicines to eradicate cancer cells 3. Radiation - a powerful kind of treatment that kills cancer cells and shrinks the size of tumors 4. Biological therapy - It aims to improve the body's own cancer fighting system. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

16. F. Diabetes Diabetes is a disease of the endocrine system that affects the body's ability to use sugar for energy. It is characterized by high levels of sugar in the blood. It is usually caused by the production of too little insulin by the pancreas or the body cells' failure to respond to insulin. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

17. Types of diabetes a. A person with Type 1 diabetes produces little or no insulin at all. Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas. It helps the body, store glucose or sugar. Without insulin, body cells will not be able to use glucose for energy. Type 1 diabetes can be controlled with daily insulin shots. b. In Type 2 diabetes , the body produces insulin but cannot use it properly. It usually strikes people over age 40. But some studies show that it is becoming more common among young children and adolescents. This type of diabetes is associated to obesity and lack of physical activity. A healthful diet and plenty of exercise can help prevent or control Type 2 diabetes. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

18. G. Urinary System Problems The following are some common problems of the urinary system: 1. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is an infection of the urinary tract (kidney bladder, ureters). It is usually caused by microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites) that enter the body through the urethra. The most common treatment prescribed by doctors to patients with UTI are antibiotics or antiviral drugs. UTI may be prevented by drinking plenty of water, avoiding salty foods, urinating frequently, avoiding tight clothing, and not using harsh detergents in washing clothes, especially underwear’s. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

19. 2. Kidney Failure Kidney failure is a condition where the body is poisoned because of the inability of the kidney to filter waste products from the blood. Kidney failure can lead to more serious conditions, such as weakened bones, stomach ulcers, high blood pressure, anemia, heart failure, and damage to the central nervous system. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

20. Proper care of the urinary system Below are some measures to avoid urinary system problems. 1. Drink plenty of water to help eliminate wastes from the body. 2. Eat foods that are low in salt and sugar. Too much of these substances can damage the kidneys. Ms. RONA O. SOLIMAN, JHS Department

21. ACTIVITY Research about the different types of cancer and its warning signs. Do this in a bond paper.