non-verbal communication professionanl communcaiton

Wind Speed: Cyclones are classified based on their sustained wind speed using various scales. For example, the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale categorizes hurricanes from Category 1 (74-95 mph) to Category 5 (157 mph or higher).

Central Pressure: The atmospheric pressure at the center of the cyclone is another critical parameter. Lower pressures often indicate more intense cyclones.

Size: Cyclones can vary significantly in size, with larger storms typically having broader wind fields and affecting a wider area.

Rainfall: Cyclones produce heavy rainfall, contributing to flooding and other water-related hazards.

Storm Surge: This is a rise in sea level due to the combination of low pressure, high winds, and waves. Storm surges can cause significant coastal flooding during cyclones.

Movement: The direction and speed at which the cyclone is moving can influence its impact, including where and when it makes landfall and how long it affects a particular area.

Formation and Dissipation: Understanding the environmental conditions that contribute to cyclone formation and how they dissipate is crucial for forecasting and mitigation efforts.

Impact: The overall impact of a cyclone includes its effects on infrastructure, agriculture, ecosystems, and human populations. This parameter encompasses economic and humanitarian considerations.

These parameters collectively determine the intensity, behavior, and impact of cyclones, guiding meteorologists in predicting their path and strength and helping communities prepare and respond to these powerful storms.

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tell me more about data for wind speed through satellite and creating a prediction model

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Satellites play a crucial role in monitoring and predicting cyclones by providing data on various parameters, including wind speed. Here’s how satellite data is used for wind speed estimation and creating prediction models:

Satellite Data for Wind Speed Estimation:
Remote Sensing Techniques: Satellites equipped with specialized instruments, such as scatterometers and synthetic aperture radars (SAR), can directly measure surface wind speed over the ocean. Scatterometers emit microwave pulses towards the Earth's surface and measure the backscatter signal, which is influenced by surface roughness and wind speed.

Infrared and Microwave Imagery: Infrared sensors onboard satellites can detect cloud patterns and temperature gradients associated with cyclones. Microwave imagery can penetrate through clouds and provide information about the structure and intensity of cyclones, which indirectly helps estimate wind speeds.

Doppler Radar: Although primarily ground-based, Doppler radar data can also be assimilated into satellite-based models to improve wind speed estimation, especially near the coastlines where these radars are deployed.

Creating Prediction Models:
Data Assimilation: Satellite data, along with data from other sources such as buoys, aircraft reconnaissance, and ground-based weather s

1. NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
“The most important thing in
communication is to hear what
is not being said”
-Peter Drucker

2. •Non -Verbal Communication is the message or
response not expressed or sent in words -hints ,
suggestions , indications.
•♦Actions speak louder than words.
•♦There is a distinction between the meanings we ‘give’
in words and the meanings we ‘give –off ’
in NV signals.
•Non -Verbal signals are unconscious parts of our
behavior which is a deeply rooted in our entire makeup.
•♦In fact, it is the most basic part of our personality

3. IMPORTANCE OF NON -VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
•♦Communication researcher Mehrabian found that only
7% of a message’s effect are carried by words ; listeners
receive the other 93% through non -verbal means.
•♦Birdwhistell suggested that spoken words account for
not more than 30-35% of all our social interactions.
•♦Over 65 percent of the social meaning of the messages
we send to others are communicated non-verbally.

4. THREE ASPECTS OF
COMMUNICATION
VERBAL (7%)
VOCAL (38%)
VISUAL (55%)

5. Nonverbal communication cues
can play five roles:
•Repetition
•Contradiction
•Substitution
•Complementing
•Accenting

6. Types of Non-verbal
Communication
Kinesics
Paralanguage or Para Linguistics
Proxemics
Haptics
Occulesics
Chronemics
Artifacts

7. Kinesics
Defined -the study of posture,
movement, gestures,
& facial expression.

8. Functions
• Replacing spoken
messages.
•Sending uncomfortable
messages.
•Reinforcing and modifying
verbal messages

9. POSTURE

11. Some common postures:
•arms folded across the chest : unsympathetic
•arms held loose : open positive attitude
•upright posture : high status , I am the boss
•bowing head : lower status
•sideway lean : relaxation, friendliness
•self wrapping : withdrawal, self protection
•slouching with forward lean : lowliness
•moderately upright : enthusiasm, friendliness

12. FACIAL EXPRESSIONS
Facial expressions reflect emotion, feelings and attitudes

13. The Face
♦The face is an important source of information.
♦Since the face cannot be easily hidden, it is an
important source of nonverbal information and
communicates a variety of emotions.
♦In addition, eye contact, pupil size, and the smile
provide additional cues to informed observers.

14. Facial expressions

15. Six basic emotions

16. Facial Expressions
(Face)
Forehead Wrinkles Anger
Eyebrows Outer edges upAnger
Nose Upwards
Contempt
Contempt

17. Lips
•Parted relaxed, happy
•Together possibly concerned
•Wide Open very happy/very angry

18. Arms
Arms Crossed Angry, Disapproving
Open Honest, Accepting

19. Hands
On Top of the Head Amazement
Scratching Head Puzzled , Confused
Rubbing Eyes Tired
Rubbing Chin Thinking,
Timid, Shy

20. Fingers
Fingers Interlocked Tense
Pointing at you Angry
OK Signal Fine
V Sign Peace

23. Responsive
EAGER(sprint position)
♦Open Legs
♦Feet under Chair
♦On Toes
♦Leaning Forward
READY TO AGREE
•closes papers
•Pen Down
•Hands Flat on Table
ENGAGEDleaning forward
•Open Body
•Open Arms
•Open Hands

24. Reflective
•LISTENINGwith head
tilted
•Lots of Eye Contact
•Nodding
•High Blink Rate
•EVALUATING: sucking
glasses / pencil
•Stroking Chin
•Looking Up and Right
•Legs crossed in 4 pos.
•Ankle on Knee
•ATTENTIVE(standing)
•Arms behind Back
•Smile
•Open Feet

25. Combative
LET ME SPEAK
•finger tapping
•Foot Tapping
•Staring
AGGRESSIVE
•leaning forwards
•Finger Pointing
•Fists Clenched
DEFIANT
(standing)
•Hands on Hips
•Frown

26. Fugitive
BORED
•Slumped Posture
•Doodling
•Foot Tapping
•Staring into space
LET ME GO
•Feet towards door
•Looking Around
•Buttoning Jacket
•REJECTION
sitting/moving back
•Arms Folded
•Legs Crossed
•Thigh on Knee
•Head Down
•Frown

27. Common Gesture Clusters
Openness:
Several gestures indicate
openness and sincerety.
Open hands,
unbuttoned coal or collar,
leaning slightly forward in the
chair,
removing coat or jacket,
uncrossing arms and legs,
moving closer.

28. When people are proud of what
they have done, they usually show
their hands quite openly.
When they are not often put their
hands into their pockets, or hide
back
When people show signals of
openness that means they are
generally beginning very
comfortable in your presence which
is good.

29. Common Gesture Clusters
Defensiveness:
People who are defensive
usually have
a rigid body,
arms or legs tightly crossed,
eyes glancing sideways or
darting occasionaly,
minimal eye contact,
lips pursed, fists clenched and
downcast head.

30. Common Gesture Clusters
Evaluation:
Evaluation gestures say that the
other person is being thoughtful
or is considering what you are
saying.Sometimes in a friendly
way sometimes in an unfriendly
way.
Typical evaluation gestures
include:
tilted head,
hand to cheek,
leaning forward and
chin stroking.

31. Sometimes evaluation
gestures take on a critical
aspect.
The body is more drawn
back.
The hand is to the face but
the chin is in the palm of
the hand with one finger
going up the cheek and
the other fingers
positioned below the
mouth.
This is generally an
unfavorable gesture.

32. Suspicion, Secrecy, Rejection, and Doubt
These negative emotions
are communicated typically
by:
Sideways glances
Minimal or no eye contact
Shifting the body away from
the speaker
Touching or rubbing the
nose.

33. Common Gesture Clusters
Boredom or Impatience
These unproductive
feelingsare usually
conveyed by the
Drumming of fingers
Cupping the head in the
palm of the hand,
Foot swinging
Brushing or picking a lint
Looking at your watch or
the exit.

34. Common Gesture Clusters
Enthusiasm
This is an emotion that you
love to see in other people
and they in you.
It is conveyed by
A small upper or inward smile,
Hands open and arms
extended outward,
Eyes wide an alert,
A lively and bouncy walk,
A lively and well-modulated
voice.

35. GESTURES
“LET YOUR BODY
TALK
ON YOUR BEHALF”

41. Standing Leg Cross Gestures

42. Hands Clenched Together
The person would be more difficult to handle when the hands are held high, than he
would be with the person whom hands resting on the desk position. Like all negative
gestures, some action needs to be taken to unlock the person’s fingers to expose the
palms and the front of the body, or the hostile attitude will remain
ResearchbyNierenbergandCaleroonthehands-clenchedpositionbroughtthemtothe
conclusionthatthiswasafrustrationgesture,signalingthatthepersonwasholdingbacka
negativeattitude

43. Steepling Hands
Peoplewhoareconfident,superiortypesorwhouseminimalorrestrictedbody
gesturesoftenusethisgesture,and,bydoingso,theysignaltheirconfidentattitude.It
isfrequentlyusedinsuperior/subordinateinteractionandthatitcanbeanisolated
gesturewhichindicatesaconfidentor'know-it-all'attitude.Managersoftenusethis
gesturepositionwhengivinginstructionsoradvicetosubordinatesanditis
particularlycommonamongaccountants,lawyers,managersandthelike.
The gesture has two versions,
The Raised Steeple-The position is normally taken when the steepler is giving his opinions or
ideas and is doing the talking.
The Lowered Steeple-The position is normally used when the steepler is listening rather
than speaking

44. The Mouth Guard
Themouthguardisoneofthefewadultgesturesthatisasobviousasa
child's.Thehandcoversthemouthandthethumbispressedagainstthe
cheekasthebrainsub-consciouslyinstructsittotryandsuppressthe
deceitfulwordsthatarebeingsaid.Sometimesthisgesturemayonlybe
severalfingersoverthemouthorevenaclosedfist,butitsmeaningremains
thesame.
Manypeopletrytodisguisethemouthguardgesturebygivingafakecough.
Ifthepersonwhoisspeakingusesthisgesture,itindicatesthatheistellinga
lie.If,however,hecovershismouthwhileyouarespeaking,itindicatesthat
hefeelsyouarelying

45. Head Gestures
Neutral Head Position-The position taken by the person who has a neutral attitude about what
he is hearing. The head usually remains still and may occasionally give small nods.
Interested Head Position-When the head tilts to one side it shows that interest has developed.
Disapproval Head Position-When the head is down, it signals that the attitude is negative and
even judgmental. Critical evaluation clusters are normally made with the head down and, unless
you can get the person’s head up or tilted, you may have a communication problem

46. Generally, people who walk fast and swing their arms
freely tend to know what they want and to go after that.

47. People who walk with their
shoulders hunched and
hands in their pockets tend
to be secretive and critical.
They don’t seem to like
much of what is going on
around them.

48. People who are
preoccupied or thinking,
usually walk with their
heads down, hands
clasped behind their
backs and pace very
slowly.

49. Handshakes

50. Dead fish
The knuckle Grinder

52. Double Handed Hand Shake
Theintentionofthedouble-handedhandshakeistoshowsincerity,trustordepthof
feelingtowardsthereceiver.Lefthandisusedtocommunicatetheextrafeelingthat
theinitiatorwishestotransmitanditsextentisrelatedtothedistancethatthe
initiator’slefthandismovedupthereceiver’srightarm.
ElbowGrasp-Theelbowgrasp,transmitsmorefeelingthanthewristhold,and
theshoulderhold.
-thewristholdandtheelbowgraspareacceptableonlybetweenclosefriendsor
relatives.

53. Proxemics-Space Language
(study of distance individuals maintain between each other while
interacting and its significance)

54. Zone Distances
Intimate Zone
Only those who are emotionally close to that person are permitted to enter it.
This includes parents, spouse, children, close friends and relatives
Personal Zone
we stand from others at cocktail parties, office parties, social functions and friendly
gatherings.
Social Zone
We stand at this distance from strangers, the plumber or carpenter doing repairs
around our home, the postman, the local shopkeeper, the new employee at work and
people whom we do not know very well.
Public Zone
Whenever we address a large group of people, this is the comfortable distance at
which we choose to stand.

55. WHEN YOU INVADE MY SPACE
Reactions to an invasion of your space
•Feel troubled
•Get defensive
•Become aggressive
•Retaliate

56. OCCULESICS
“Eyes are so transparent
that through them
one sees the soul”
“Look a person in the
Eye when you
Talk to him”

57. GAZE BEHAVIOUR
•FORMAL GAZE
•INFORMAL GAZE
•PERSONAL GAZE
•LATERAL GAZE

59. PURPOSE FOR EYE CONTACT
•SPEAKING INFORMATION
•SHOWING ATTENTION AND INTEREST
•INVITING AND CONTROLLING INTERACTION
•DOMINEERING, THREATENING, INFLUENCING
OTHERS
•PROVIDING FEEDBACK DURING SPEECH
•REVEALING ATTITUDES

63. Too much eye contact: dominance, lack of respect,
threat, wish to insult
Too little eye contact: not paying attention, impolite,
insincere,shy
Withdrawing eyes: signal of submission

64. Vocal Cues
Paralinguistic features –non-word
characteristics of spoken language..
Paralanguage or Para Linguistics
(systematic study of how a speaker verbalizes)

65. •Voice
•Pitch variation
monotones fail to keep listener’s attention
People in authority or When excited speak in high
pitched voice
•Speaking Speed
Fluency in language is not the same thing as the
speed of speaking
present easy parts of message at a brisk pace and
difficult, complicated parts at slower pace.
In state of anxiety, urgency we speak fast and when
relaxed at a comfortable speed.

66. Non fluencies
Pauses often inserted with sounds like ah, oh, uh,
um, you know, OK, yawning, laughing, chuckling…
Carefully and sparingly used they add fluency to
speaker, give them time to breathe/ relax, make
listener more alert
Too frequent insertions may irritate listener

67. Volume Variation
Loudness of our voice should be adjusted
according to size of audience
Some speakers believe only way to sound
convincing is to speak louder
Proper word stress

68. Time (Chronemics)
•Attitudes toward time vary from culture to
culture.
•Countries that follow monochronic time
perform only one major activity at a time
(U.S., England, Switzerland, Germany).
•Countries that follow polychronic time work
on several activities simultaneously (Latin
America, the Mediterranean, the Arabs).

69. Objectives -study of human use of
Artifacts
clothing & other artifacts
as nonverbal codes.

70. Touch (Haptics)
Touch can communicate :
–Attention.
–Affection.
–Greetings.
–Departures.
–Support.
Touch, when used properly, may create
feelings of warmth and trust; when used
improperly, touch may cause annoyance and
betray trust.

71. Be cautious while interpreting non-verbal
clusters.....
•Observe and understand the non verbal signals being sent
your way on a moment –to moment basis
•Use eye contact
•Understand the cultural nuances of the various forms of
non verbal communication.
•When there is a contradiction between the verbal and
non verbal messages of the persons you are listening to try
to assess the situation with the help of non verbal cues

72. •Check context: Don't try to interpret cues isolated from other
such cues, from the verbal communication, or from the physical
or emotional context.
•Look for clusters: This is the nonverbal context itself. See if a
resistance accompanies the arms being crossed to eye contact
and a flat tone of voice.
•Consider past experience: We can more accurately interpret
the behavior of people we know. For e.g. Your mother may
always hug when you come home from school and so you learn
that this represents happiness in that particular situation.
•Practice perception checking: Recognize that you are
interpreting observed behavior, not reading a mind, and check
out your observation.